中国塑料 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 1-7.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.03.001

• 材料与性能 •    下一篇

矿物填料填充聚乙烯/麦秸杆复合材料性能比较

段婧婷, 张效林(), 王哲, 李少歌, 迪静静, 吕金燕, 朱晓凤, 王毅   

  1. 西安理工大学印刷包装与数字媒体学院,西安 710061
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-24 出版日期:2021-03-26 发布日期:2021-03-22
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省教育厅重点科研计划项目(20JY051)

Preparation and Performance of PE⁃HD/Wheat Straw Composites Filled by Mineral Fillers

DUAN Jingting, ZHANG Xiaolin(), WANG Zhe, LI Shaoge, DI Jingjing, LYU Jinyan, ZHU Xiaofeng, WANG Yi   

  1. Faculty of Printing,Packing Engineering and Digital Media Technology,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710061,China
  • Received:2020-10-24 Online:2021-03-26 Published:2021-03-22
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiaolin E-mail:zxlbmm@sina.com

摘要:

以麦秸杆纤维(WSF)和高密度聚乙烯(PE?HD)为原料,以白云石粉、硅灰石粉及滑石粉为填充料,通过熔融混炼及注射成型的方法制备了PE-HD/WSF/填料复合材料,并通过差示扫描量热仪、扫描电子显微镜和电子万能试验机等考察分析了填料种类及含量对复合材料结晶性能、微观形貌和力学性能等的影响。结果表明,在WSF的含量为40 %的配比下,复合材料的拉伸和弯曲强度随填料含量的增多呈现先增大后减小的趋势;当填料含量为5 %时,PE-HD/WSF复合材料的各项力学性能达到最佳,且硅灰石的增强效果优于白云石、滑石粉,结晶速率也最大;而用填料部分代替PE-HD则会使复合材料的耐水性减弱,同样在5 %的填料含量下得到吸水率的极小值,白云石增强的复合材料吸水率最低;拉伸试样断面形貌显示,细小填料颗粒不同程度地镶嵌在WSF与基体PE-HD之间,减少了WSF与PE-HD的间隙,改善了界面结合性。

关键词: 麦秸杆纤维, 高密度聚乙烯, 矿物填料, 力学性能, 吸水性

Abstract:

PE-HD/WSF/Filler composites were prepared by melt mixing and injection molding using high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) as a matrix polymer, wheat straw fibers (WSF) as a reinforcement fiber, and dolomite powders, wollastonite powders, and talcum powders as fillers. The effects of filler type and content on the performance of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that with the addition of 40 wt% WSF, the tensile and flexural strength of the composite material increased at first and then tended to decrease with an increase in filler content. The composites achieved optimial mechanical properties at a filler content of 5 wt%. At this filler content, wollastonite exhibited a better reinforcing effect than dolomite and talc, leading to the highest crystallization rate. The partial replacement of PE-HD with fillers resulted in a decrease in the water resistance of the composite, and a minimum water absorption rate was also obtained at a filler content of 5 wt%. SEM observation indicated that the tiny filler particles were embedded between WSF and PE-HD, resulting in a reduction in the gap between WSF and PE-HD and an improvement in interfacial adhesion.

Key words: wheat straw fiber, high-density polyethylene, mineral filler, mechanical property, water absorption

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