中国塑料 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 56-59.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.10.010

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

无规共聚聚丙烯/纳米二氧化硅复合材料的制备与性能研究

陈师岐, 王选伦()   

  1. 重庆理工大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆 400054
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-25 出版日期:2021-10-26 发布日期:2021-10-27
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(cstc2019jscx?msxmX0045)

Preparation and Properties of Polypropylene Random Copolymer/Nano⁃SiO2 Composites

CHEN Shiqi, WANG Xuanlun()   

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China
  • Received:2021-04-25 Online:2021-10-26 Published:2021-10-27
  • Contact: WANG Xuanlun E-mail:wangxuanlun@cqut.edu.cn

摘要:

采用熔融共混法制备了无规共聚聚丙烯/纳米二氧化硅(PP?R/SiO2)复合材料,并通过电子万能拉伸试验机、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、偏光显微镜(PLM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对复合材料的力学性能、结晶热力学、结晶形态和微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明,加入纳米SiO2可以提高PP?R的结晶温度及熔融温度,使之从纯PP?R的93 ℃和141.6 ℃提高到105.6 ℃和142.8 ℃;纳米SiO2在复合材料中起到异相成核的作用,可以提高结晶速率并细化晶粒,从而提高复合材料的冲击强度;当纳米SiO2含量为2 %(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料在-15 ℃下的冲击强度达到最大,较纯PP?R提高了2倍多;当纳米SiO2含量为1 %时,复合材料在23 ℃下的冲击强度达到最大,较纯PP?R提高了近2倍;同时,复合材料的弯曲强度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率也有所提升。

关键词: 无规共聚聚丙烯, 纳米二氧化硅, 复合材料, 力学性能, 结晶性能

Abstract:

Polypropylene random copolymer (PP?R)/nano?SiO2 composites were prepared through a melt blending method, and their mechanical properties, crystallization thermodynamics, crystalline morphology and micromorphology were characterized using an electronic universal tensile testing machine, differential scanning calorimeter, polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that the addition of nano?SiO2 resulted in an increase in the crystallization temperature of PP?R from 93 to 105.6 °C and in the melting temperature from 141.6 to 142.8 °C. The nano?SiO2 plays a role of heterogeneous nucleation in improving the crystallization rate of PP?R and refining its crystal grain. The composites containing 2 wt% nano?SiO2 achieved a maximum value in impact strength at -15 °C. This result was more than 2 times higher than that of pure PP?R. On the other hand, the composites containing 1 wt% nano?SiO2 achieved a maximum value in impact strength at 23 °C, which is nearly 2 times higher than that of pure PP?R. Moreover, the bending strength, tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites were improved as well.

Key words: polypropylene random copolymer, nano silica, composite material, mechanical property, crystallization performance

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