Abstract: The polyamide 6 (PA6)-based fluorescent materials were prepared by dispersing fluorescent powders in caprolactam (CL) aqueous solution, followed by the anionic ring-opening polymerization CL, and their properties were characterized. X-Ray diffraction characterizations indicated that there is no effect on crystallinity of PA6 in the presence of a small amount of fluorescent powders. Fluorescence emission spectroscopy analysis indicated that the prepared PA6-based fluorescent materials presented a higher photoluminescence intensity, and the photoluminescence intensity was also affected significantly by the content of fluorescent powders. The sample containing 0.15 wt % of fluorescent powders was found to exhibit the highest photoluminescence intensity. Morphological characterization revealed that the fluorescent powders were homogeneously distributed in the PA6 matrix, but the high concentration of fluorescent powders resulted in an aggregation. Thermal analysis indicated that, although the addition of fluorescent powders did not influence the thermal decomposition behavior of PA, the maximum decomposition temperature of PA6based fluorescent materials is lower than pure PA6. Moreover, the presence of fluorescent powders prevented the formation of γ-form crystals but promoted the α-form crystals for PA6.