中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 97-103.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.01.016

• 塑料与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州地形及气候条件下生物降解地膜对白菜产量、土壤环境和经济效益的影响

陈卓1(), 胡婕2, 马超1(), 李晓慧1, 班甜甜1, 刘小翠1   

  1. 1.贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所(贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心),贵阳 550025
    2.贵阳市气象局,贵阳 550001
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-31 出版日期:2025-01-26 发布日期:2025-02-14
  • 通讯作者: 马超(1981-),男,博士研究生,研究员,现主要从事有机蔬菜栽培及生理等研究工作,machao621@126.com
    E-mail:727560874@qq.com;machao621@126.com
  • 作者简介:陈卓(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究实习员,现主要从事有机蔬菜栽培及生理等研究工作,727560874@qq.com

Effects of biodegradable mulching films on yield, soil environment and economic benefit of Chinese cabbage under terrain and climate conditions in Guizhou province

CHEN Zhuo1(), HU Jie2, MA Chao1(), LI Xiaohui1, BAN Tiantian1, LIU Xiaocui1   

  1. 1.Guizhou Province Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center ),Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China
    2.Guiyang Meteorological Bureau,Guiyang 550001,Guizhou,China
  • Received:2024-01-31 Online:2025-01-26 Published:2025-02-14
  • Contact: MA Chao E-mail:727560874@qq.com;machao621@126.com

摘要:

为探究生物降解地膜在蔬菜种植中的应用效果,以白菜为试材,采用大棚穴盘育苗、大田栽培方式进行试验,以普通聚乙烯(PE)地膜为对照,设置不同厚度、不同填埋材料的5种不同的生物降解地膜,共5个处理,研究了生物降解地膜对白菜产量、土壤环境和经济效益的影响。结果表明,对土壤影响方面,生物降解地膜处理下的大多数土壤理化性质含量都高于普通PE地膜处理。对白菜的产量影响方面,相同厚度的生物降解地膜和普通PE地膜促进白菜产量提升效果相当;效益方面,生物降解地膜处理下种植白菜的利润和产投比高于普通PE地膜。可见,贵州白菜种植中推广厚度较薄的生物降解地膜,不仅不会降低白菜产量,还能改善生态效益,增加经济效益,有助于实现绿水青山就是金山银山的科学理念。

关键词: 生物降解地膜, 白菜, 土壤, 经济效益

Abstract:

To explore the application effect on the biodegradable mulch films in vegetable cultivation, the breeding in greenhouse and cultivation in field were carried out by using Chinese cabbage was used as an experimental material. Taking an ordinary PE mulch film as a control, 5 different types of biodegradable mulch films with different thickness and different landfill materials were measured, and a total of 5 treatments were conducted to investigate the effect of biodegradable mulch films on the yield, soil environment, and economic benefits of the cabbage. The results indicated that the soil moisture content, PH value, cation exchange capacity, soil organic matter, soil total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium contents of the degradable film treatment were higher than those of the ordinary one; however, their total salt content and bulk density were lower than those of the ordinary one. In terms of soil effects, the contents of most soil physical and chemical properties under the biodegradable plastic film treatment were higher than those under the ordinary PE plastic film treatment. In terms of the effect on the yield of Chinese cabbage, the biodegradable and ordinary PE films with the same thickness exhibited the same effect on the yield of Chinese cabbage. In terms of the benefits, the ratio of the profit and yield to investment of the cabbage growing under biodegradable mulch films were higher than that of the ordinary one. The promotion of thin⁃thickness biodegradable films in cabbage planting in Guizhou not only can keep the yield of the cabbage, but also can improve ecological benefits and increase economic benefits. This helps to realize the scientific concept that clean waters and green mountains are invaluable assets.

Key words: biodegradable plastic film, cabbage, soil, economic benefit

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