Abstract: This paper overviewed latest research progresses in thermally conductive composites based on polymer matrix and metal particles. Effects of metal filler type, shape, particles size, content, processing method and microstructure on thermal conductivity of composites were introduced and the thermally conductive mechanisms were described. A number of studies indicated that the high thermal conductivity as well as other good properties could be achieved for polymeric composites by fabrication of a continuous network of metal fillers for phonon transfer. The composites based on elastomer matrix and liquid alloys could also obtain high thermal conductivity and large strain. Such composites are suitable for wearable and flexible electronic components and become a direction for future development in high thermally conductive materials.