中国塑料 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 75-80.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.05.013

• 加工与应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于翅片式摩擦桶的车用聚合物粒子荷电及静电分离探索

田驰锋, 张洪申()   

  1. 昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明 650500
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-01 出版日期:2022-05-26 发布日期:2022-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 张洪申(1983—),男,副教授,从事可持续设计与制造研究,hongshen@kust.edu.cn
    E-mail:hongshen@kust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(50245036)

Study on friction charge and high⁃voltage electrostatic separation of automotive polymer particles based on multi⁃fin friction bucket

TIAN Chifeng, ZHANG Hongshen()   

  1. Kunming University of Science and Technology,Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming 650500,China
  • Received:2021-12-01 Online:2022-05-26 Published:2022-05-26
  • Contact: ZHANG Hongshen E-mail:hongshen@kust.edu.cn

摘要:

对摩擦桶式荷电器中车用聚合物粒子的荷电情况进行了初步探究,基于法拉第桶测定了聚丙烯(PP)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和丙烯腈?丁二烯?苯乙烯(ABS)6种车用聚合物粒子在摩擦桶式荷电器下的摩擦荷电序列,并以ABS和PA为例,验证了其在不同摩擦桶式荷电器转速(n)和荷电时间(t)下的荷电规律,确定了ABS和 PA的最佳静电分选参数。结果表明,聚合物粒子荷电量(Q)与nt呈正比关系;各车用聚合物粒子的摩擦荷电序列为(-)PE→ABS→PVC→PU→聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)→PP→PA(+);ABS和PA的最优分选参数为n=20 r/min、t=1 min,此时两者分离纯度分别达到94.18 %和99.86 %,回收率分别为88.4 %和75.3 %,总回收率为90.15 %。

关键词: 静电分选, 摩擦桶式荷电器, 车用聚合物, 摩擦荷电序列

Abstract:

The charge of polymer particles for vehicles in a friction barrel?type tribicharger was explored preliminarily, and the friction charge sequences of six types of vehicle polymer particles including polypropylene (PP), polyurethane (PU), polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and acrylonitrile?butadiene?styrene (ABS) were investigated using a friction barrel?type tribicharger based on the Faraday cage. The charge laws were verified by taking ABS and PA as examples under different rotational speeds (n) and charge time (t) with the friction barrel?type tribicharger, and the optimal electrostatic separation parameters of ABS and PA were determined. The results indicated that the charge of polymer particles was proportional to n and t. The friction charge sequence of polymer particles for vehicles was as follows: (-) PE→ABS→PVC→PU→polymethyl methacrylate→PP→PA (+). The optimal separation parameters of ABS and PA were determined to be n=20 r/min and t=1 min. Under this condition, the separation purity of ABS and PA reached 94.18 % and 99.86 %, respectively. The recovery rates of ABS and PA were 88.4 % and 75.3 %, respectively. This resulted in a total recovery rate of 90.15 %.

Key words: electrostatic separation, friction barrel?type tribicharger, vehicle polymer, triboelectric charging sequence

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