中国塑料 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 127-132.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.05.021

• 塑料与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

食品接触用生物降解塑料购物袋材质鉴别与总迁移量研究

吴雄杰1,2, 陶强1,2(), 朱东波1,2, 程劲松1,2, 储雨1,2, 许磊1,2   

  1. 1.安徽省包装印刷产品质量监督检验中心,安徽 桐城 231400
    2.国家高分子材料质量检验检测中心(安徽),安徽 桐城 231400
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-21 出版日期:2022-05-26 发布日期:2022-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 陶强(1990—),男,工程师,从事食品及食品接触材料检测研究,18133408523@163.com
    E-mail:18133408523@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安庆市科技项目(2021Z0006)

Study on material identification and total migration of biodegradable plastic shopping bags used for food contact

WU Xiongjie1,2, TAO Qiang1,2(), ZHU Dongbo1,2, CHENG Jinsong1,2, CHU Yu1,2, XU Lei1,2   

  1. 1.Anhui Province Packaging and Printing Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center,Tongcheng 231400,China
    2.National Polymer Material Quality Inspection and Testing Center(Anhui),Tongcheng 231400,China
  • Received:2021-12-21 Online:2022-05-26 Published:2022-05-26
  • Contact: TAO Qiang E-mail:18133408523@163.com

摘要:

采用红外光谱仪(FTIR)对市售的6种食品接触用生物降解塑料购物袋(1#~6#)材质进行鉴别,测试了其在不同浸泡条件下的总迁移量,并对部分样品的蒸发残渣成分进行了表征。结果表明,2#与4#样品材质定性结果与其标注材质不一致;生物降解塑料购物袋总迁移量远大于传统聚乙烯(PE)塑料购物袋,2#~6#样品在4 %(体积分数,下同)乙酸模拟液中浸泡及1#~6#样品在95 %乙醇模拟液中浸泡时的总迁移量均超过限量要求(10 mg/dm2),说明生物降解塑料购物袋直接接触食品存在一定食品安全风险;样品中的PBAT能在95 %乙醇中溶解;样品中掺杂的CaCO3在4 %乙酸模拟液中出现了大量迁移,这是由于CaCO3本体发生迁移及CaCO3与乙酸发生反应生成了乙酸钙;淀粉(ST)颗粒在水中会发生糊化脱落,而乙酸进入ST颗粒中会破坏ST的分子结构,导致掺杂ST的生物降解塑料购物袋总迁移量显著增大。

关键词: 红外光谱仪, 食品接触用生物降解塑料购物袋, 总迁移量, 食品安全, 蒸发残渣

Abstract:

The materials obtained from six types of commercially available biodegradable plastic shopping bags (samples 1#~6#) for food contact were identified by an infrared spectrometer, their total migration amounts were measured under different soaking conditions, and the evaporation residue components of some samples were investigated. The results showed that the qualitative results of the materials from the bag samples 2# and 4# were inconsistent with those as the materials marked. The total migration amount of the biodegradable plastic shopping bags was much greater than that of the traditional polyethylene plastic shopping bags. The total migration results of the 2#~6# samples exceeded the required limit (10 mg/dm2) when immersed in 4 vol% acetic acid simulation solution. So did the samples 1#~6# when immersed in 95 vol% ethanol simulant solution. This indicates that there was a certain food safety risk when biodegradable plastic shopping bags were directly used for food contact. The PBAT in the bag samples could be dissolved in 95 vol% ethanol. The CaCO3 in the samples presented a large migration amount in the 4 vol% acetic acid simulation solution, which was attributed to the migration mass of CaCO3 as well as the calcium acetate formed by the reaction between CaCO3 and acetic acid. Starch particles could gelatinize and fall off in the water, and acetic acid could enter the starch particles to destroy the molecular structure of starch, resulting in a significant increase in the total migration of biodegradable plastic shopping bags compounded with starch.

Key words: Fourier?transform infrared spectrometer, biodegradable plastic shopping bags for food contact, total migration, food safety, evaporation residue

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