耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯海绵材料制备及性能研究

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2023.02.008

中国塑料 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 51-55.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2023.02.008

耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯海绵材料制备及性能研究

翁城武¹, 郑玉婴²()

^1.泉州海关综合技术服务中心，福建泉州 362000
^2.福州大学材料科学与工程学院，福州 350108

收稿日期:2022-11-26 出版日期:2023-02-26 发布日期:2023-02-22
通讯作者: 郑玉婴（1959—），女，教授，研究领域高分子材料改性与加工，yyzheng@fzu.edu.cn
E-mail:yyzheng@fzu.edu.cn

Preparation and properties of polyurethane sponge with low⁃temperature resistance and slow resilience

WENG Chengwu¹, ZHENG Yuying²()

^1.Comprehensive Technology Service Center of Quanzhou Customs，Quanzhou 362000，China
^2.College of Material Science & Engineering，Fuzhou University，Fuzhou 350108，China

Received:2022-11-26 Online:2023-02-26 Published:2023-02-22
Contact: ZHENG Yuying E-mail:yyzheng@fzu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以氯铂酸溶液为催化剂，将烯丙氧基聚氧乙烯醚（APEG）和聚甲基氢硅氧烷（PMHS）进行硅氢加成反应合成有机硅改性聚醚（Si⁃APEG），并以其作为耐低温剂，制备耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯（PU）海绵。研究了Si⁃APEG添加量对海绵表观芯密度、开孔率、拉伸性能、硬度、回弹性能以及温湿度敏感指数的影响。结果表明，当Si⁃APEG添加量为10份时海绵的泡孔结构较理想，综合力学性能最优，回弹性能最低，同时其温湿度敏感指数低至1.01，硬度在-10 ℃低温下仍可低至53度，因此该添加量下海绵的综合性能最优。

关键词: 聚氨酯海绵, 耐低温, 慢回弹, 有机硅改性聚醚, 硬度

Abstract:

In this paper， a polyurethane sponge material with low temperature resistance and slow resilience was prepared using silicone modified polyether （Si⁃APEG） as a low⁃temperature resistant agent. The Si⁃APEG was synthesized through a hydrosilylation reaction of allyloxy polyoxyethylene ether （APEG） and polymethylhydrosiloxane with chloroplatinic acid as a catalyst. The effects of the Si⁃APEG dosage on the apparent core density， porosity， tensile properties， resilience and temperature humidity sensitivity index of the sponge were investigated. The results indicated that the foam structure of the sponge was ideal at an Si⁃APEG dosage of 10 phr， and its comprehensive mechanical properties were optimal along with the lowest hardness and resilience. Meanwhile， the temperature and humidity sensitivity index of the sponge was as low as 1.01， and its hardness was as low as 53 degree at -10 ℃. Therefore， the sponge could achieve optimal comprehensive performance at an Si⁃APEG dosage of 10 phr.

Key words: polyurethane sponge, low temperature resistance, slow resilient, allyloxy poly（oxyethylene ether）, hardness

中图分类号:

TQ323.8

翁城武, 郑玉婴. 耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯海绵材料制备及性能研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2023, 37(2): 51-55.

WENG Chengwu, ZHENG Yuying. Preparation and properties of polyurethane sponge with low⁃temperature resistance and slow resilience[J]. China Plastics, 2023, 37(2): 51-55.

图/表 8

基础配方	添加量/份
Polyol	40
PPG	40
POP	20
A⁃33	1.2
T⁃9	1
L⁃580	1
H₂O	1.3
MDI	62

表1 慢回弹PU海绵制备配方

Tab.1 Preparation formula of low resilience PU sponge

图1 Si⁃APEG的硅氢加成反应式

Fig.1 Hydrosilylation reaction scheme of Si⁃APEG

图2 APEG和Si⁃APEG的FTIR谱图

Fig.2 FTIR spectra of APEG and Si⁃APEG

图3 Si⁃APEG添加量对海绵表观芯密度和开孔率的影响

Fig.3 Effect of Si⁃APEG content on apparent density and porosity of the sponge

图4 Si⁃APEG添加量对海绵力学性能的影响

Fig.4 Effect of Si⁃APEG content on mechanical properties of the sponge

图5 Si⁃APEG添加量对海绵回弹率的影响

Fig.5 Effect of Si⁃APEG dosage on the resillency of the sponge

图6 Si⁃APEG添加量对海绵温湿度敏感指数的影响

Fig.6 Effects of Si⁃APEG content on temperature and humidity sensitivity index of the sponge

温度/℃	40	5	-10
纯PUF	60	73	90
含10 份 Si⁃APEG的PUF	47	48	53

表2 不同温度下测得的海绵硬度 (度)

Tab.2 Hardness of sponges tested at different temperature degree

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耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯海绵材料制备及性能研究

Preparation and properties of polyurethane sponge with low⁃temperature resistance and slow resilience

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