中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 25-30.

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮化硼对纳米洋葱碳/硅橡胶复合材料的介电和力学性能的影响

曾玉,唐鹿   

  1. 江西科技学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-22 修回日期:2024-05-14 出版日期:2025-01-26 发布日期:2025-01-26
  • 基金资助:
    MXene基杂化填料/硅橡胶介电弹性体复合材料的制备及性能调控研究

The effects of boron nitride on the dielectric and mechanical properties of onion-like carbons/silicone rubber composites

  • Received:2024-04-22 Revised:2024-05-14 Online:2025-01-26 Published:2025-01-26

摘要: 为了提升硅橡胶的介电与力学性能,将零维的纳米洋葱碳(OLCs)和二维的氮化硼纳米片(BN)同时添加到硅橡胶(SR)中来制备OLCs/BN/SR复合材料。通过对所制备的复合材料进行系统的研究,发现填料能均匀地分散在聚合物基体中,且OLCs/BN/SR复合材料的介电性能和力学性能明显增强。当1.2 wt%的纳米洋葱碳和9 wt%的氮化硼纳米片添加到硅橡胶时,复合材料的介电常数增加到7.31,而介电损耗则低至0.00152。这主要是因为不同填料之间的协调作用增强了填料在聚合物基体中的分散性以及复合材料中增强的界面极化效应。复合材料也显示出良好的柔韧性,即断裂伸长率为748%,而弹性模量则为227 kPa。因此,不同维度的低维填料之间的协调作用,能使得复合材料表现出的高介电常数、低介电损耗以及低弹性模量。

Abstract: In order to improve the dielectric and mechanical properties of silicone rubber, zero-dimensional onion-like carbons (OLCs) and two-dimensional boron nitride nanoplates (BN) were added to the silicone rubber (SR) to prepare OLCs/BN/SR composites. Through systematic study of the prepared composites, it is found that the fillers can be uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix, and the dielectric and mechanical properties of OLCs/BN/SR composites were obviously enhanced. When 1.2 wt% OLCs and 9 wt% BN nanoplates were added to the SR, the dielectric constant of the composite increased to 7.31, while the dielectric loss was as low as 0.00152. This is mainly because the coordination effect between the different fillers improves the dispersion of the fillers in the polymer matrix and enhances the interfacial polarization effect in the composites. The composites also showed good flexibility, i.e. the elongation at break was 748% and the elastic modulus was 227 kPa. Therefore, the coordination between low dimensional fillers of different dimensions can make the composites exhibit high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss and low elastic modulus.