中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 12-17.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.10.003

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

含哌嗪环结构的半芳族聚酰胺的合成与性能研究

郑鑫源1, 黄骁2, 严光明1, 张刚1,3(), 杨杰1,3   

  1. 1.四川大学分析测试中心,成都 610064
    2.四川大学高分子科学与工程学院,成都 610064
    3.高分子材料工程国家重点实验室(四川大学),成都 610064
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-21 出版日期:2025-10-26 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 张刚,研究员,理学博士,从事高性能高分子及膜材料研究及产业化工作,gangzhang@scu.edu.cn
    E-mail:gangzhang@scu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3712500)

Synthesis and characterization of semi⁃aromatic polyamide containing piperazine ring

ZHENG Xinyuan1, HUANG Xiao2, YAN Guangming1, ZHANG Gang1,3(), YANG Jie1,3   

  1. 1.Analytical & Testing Center,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China
    2.College of Polymer Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering (Sichuan University),Chengdu 610064,China
  • Received:2025-04-21 Online:2025-10-26 Published:2025-10-21
  • Contact: ZHANG Gang E-mail:gangzhang@scu.edu.cn

摘要:

以1,4⁃双(3⁃氨基丙基)哌嗪为原料通过界面反应制备二氟酰胺单体N, N'⁃(1,4⁃哌嗪二基⁃3,1⁃丙二基)双(4⁃氟苯甲酰胺)(FDC⁃200),并与联苯二砜、4,4’⁃二氯二苯砜通过高温溶液缩聚反应制备了一系列新型半芳族聚酰胺(SPAS树脂)。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁氢谱(1H⁃NMR)表征了新型单体及聚合物的化学结构,结果表明,单体及聚合物已成功制备。半芳族聚酰胺具有优异的热性能,其玻璃化转变温度为149.0~171.2 ℃,热失重5 %所对应的温度为385.8~395.6 ℃,随着半芳族聚酰胺中二苯砜结构逐渐增加,聚合物的玻璃化转变温度逐渐增高。聚合物具有优异的力学性能,其拉伸强度大于60 MPa且随着二苯砜共聚比例的增加而逐渐增高。二苯砜结构提升了半芳族聚酰胺的疏水性,降低聚合物吸水率至3.7 %。此外,二苯砜结构的引入使聚合物变为无定形,提升了半芳族聚酰胺的溶解性,溶解性的增加有效的拓宽了含哌嗪环半芳族聚酰胺的可加工性能。同时分子结构的变化赋予半芳族更好的阻燃性,提高了半芳族聚酰胺的应用领域。

关键词: 半芳族聚酰胺, 哌嗪, 亲核反应, 溶液加工

Abstract:

Semi⁃aromatic polyamides combine the desirable properties of both aromatic and aliphatic polyamides. In this study, a novel difluorobenzamide monomer, N,N’⁃(1,4⁃Piperazinediyldi⁃3,1⁃propanediyl) bis(4⁃fluorobenzamide) (FDC⁃200), was synthesized via a facile interfacial reaction between 1,4⁃bis(3⁃aminopropyl)piperazine and 4⁃fluorobenzoyl chloride. A series of polyamides incorporating piperazine rings were subsequently prepared from this monomer through nucleophilic substitution polymerization. The chemical structures of the monomer and polymers were confirmed by FTIR and ¹H⁃NMR spectroscopy. These novel polyamides exhibited outstanding thermal properties, with glass transition temperatures ranging from 149.0 to 171.4 ℃ and a 5 % weight loss temperature exceeding 385 ℃. The incorporation of a diphenyl sulfone moiety was found to significantly enhance multiple material properties. Specifically, it improved tensile strength (exceeding 60 MPa), increased hydrophobicity (water absorption as low as 3.7 % for sample SPAS⁃50), and enhanced solubility, thereby broadening processability. Furthermore, the diphenyl sulfone structure imparted excellent flame retardancy, with sample SPAS⁃50 achieving a UL 94 V⁃1 rating. This work demonstrates a promising strategy for developing high⁃performance semi⁃aromatic polyamides with a versatile property profile.

Key words: semi?aromatic polyamide, piperazine, nucleophilic substitution, processability

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