Abstract: Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS)/straw fiber composites were prepared by compression molding without using coupling agents, and effects of molding temperature and fiber content on their properties were investigated by universal mechanical testing machine, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, gel permeation chromatography and rheometer.Experimental results suggested an optimum molding temperature and an optimum fiber ratio for the preparation of the composite as 170 ℃ and 100/30, respectively.However, seriously carbonized, and its surface silicon layer peeled off.In this case, the interface strength between the fiber and resin was reduced, but a compact network structure was formed by the fiber, which might enhance the absorption of impact energy.The relative molecular weight of ABS decreased with increasing the molding temperature, thus improving its impact strength.When the molding temperature and fiber content was set at 170~190 ℃ and 30~40 phr, respectively, the fiber straw achieved a good dispersion in the matrix was brilliant, thus leading to better mechanical properties for composites.