Structural Design and Simulation Analysis of Screw Extrusion 3D Printer

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.04.017

Abstract

Abstract:

The extrusion principle of traditional desktop FDM 3D printer and screw extrusion 3D printer was analyzed. To improve the compatibility of desktop FDM 3D printer with printing materials and to reduce the production cost of printing materials， a new structure of screw extrusion 3D printer was designed with a function of convenient disassembly and replacement of screw and barrel. A screw metering section structure suitable for the ABS printing materials was obtained through combining the design calculation. Under the requirements of low rotating speed and miniaturization of the screw， the high-precision printing with a small flow rate could be realized， and a higher flow rate could be obtained through improving the rotating speed. The characteristics of melt velocity field， pressure field and shear rate field in the metering section were analyzed by means of the simulation experiment. The regression equation regarding the screw speed and outlet flow rate was obtained through a least square method， and the rationality of the calculated results was verified. The results indicated that the screw extrusion mechanism was suitable for 3D printing. This mechanism can reduce the printing cost， widen the selection range of printable materials， and realize the more accurate adjustment of the material extrusion flow rate through controlling the screw rotation speed.

Key words: screw extrusion, three dimensional printing, structural design, flow field, simulation analysis

CLC Number:

TQ 320.66

REN Li, BAI Haiqing, BAO Jun, JIA Shikui, QIN Wang, AN Yiwei. Structural Design and Simulation Analysis of Screw Extrusion 3D Printer[J]. China Plastics, 2021, 35(4): 98-105.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1. Explosion view of the structure of the sprinkler head

结构参数与各项流率	尺寸
螺杆计量段大径（D）/mm	16
螺棱高度（H₃）/mm	1
螺旋升角（φ）/（°）	9.04
计量段长度（L₃）/mm	60
单面间隙（δ）/mm	0.2
螺棱顶宽度（b）/mm	1
牵引流（Q_d）/mm³?s^?1	3.27
压力流（Q_p）/mm³?s^?1	0.17
漏流（Q_l）/mm³?s^?1	1.70
出口流率（Q）/mm³?s^?1	1.40

Tab.1. Structural parameters and flow rates of screw metering section

Fig.2. Structure of screw metering section

Fig.3. Combined grid of screw metering segment and fluid

Fig.4. Fluid track and velocity field of screw rotation at 1 r/min and 5 r/min,respectively

Fig.5. Pressure field of fluid outer wall of screw rotation speed at 1 r/min and 5 r/min,respectively

Fig.6. Comparison of wall pressure changes along the extrusion direction

Fig.7. Shear rate field of fluid outer wall of screw rotation at 1 r/min and 5 r/min,respectively

转速/r?min^-1	流率/mm³?s^-1
1.0	1.32
1.5	2.00
2.0	2.67
2.5	3.34
3.0	4.00
3.5	4.67
4.0	5.33
4.5	5.99
5.0	6.65

Tab.2. Simulation experimental data of outlet flow rate at different speed

Fig.8. The fitting function

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