Study on Application of Linear Phosphorus⁃rich Flame Retardant in Polyurethane Foams

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2020.09.012

Abstract

Abstract:

A linear phosphorus?rich flame retardant (LPRFR) was synthesized by interfacial polymerization, and its chemical structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Flame retardant polyurethane foams (RPUF) were prepared by compounding with LPRFR and expandable graphite (EG). The RPUF achieved a limiting oxygen index of 26.1 vol% when 10 wt% of LPRFR and 8 wt% of EG were added. The cone calorimeter test results indicated that the addition of LPRFR and EG could significantly reduce the heat release of RPUF and improve the carbonization ability of the matrix. In addition, the microstructure and chemical structure of carbon residue were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that LPRFR involved in the carbonation reaction during the combustion process, leading to the formation of a high?quality carbon layer with P—O—C and P=O structures, which effectively isolated oxygen and heat. Therefore, LPRFR can be taken as a new flame retardant of polyurethane foams with excellent flame retardant properties.

Key words: phosphorus?based flame retardant, rigid polyurethane foams, flame retardancy

CLC Number:

TQ328.06

Fang GUO, Zhun XU, Jingyu WANG, Han ZHAO, Bo XU. Study on Application of Linear Phosphorus⁃rich Flame Retardant in Polyurethane Foams[J]. China Plastics, 2020, 34(9): 66-72.

Figures/Tables 12

References 21

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样品	DSU?450L/g	PAPI/g	催化剂/g	阻燃剂		H₂O/g	环戊烷/g	泡沫稳定剂/g
样品	DSU?450L/g	PAPI/g	催化剂/g	EG/g	PCBD?11/g	H₂O/g	环戊烷/g	泡沫稳定剂/g
纯RPUF	72	108	2.16	-	-	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF/ 8 %EG	72	108	2.16	16.93	-	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF /8 %EG /6 %LPRFR	72	108	2.16	18.12	13.59	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF /8 %EG/8 %LPRFR	72	108	2.16	18.55	18.55	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF /8 %EG/10 %LPRFR	72	108	2.16	19.00	23.75	0.9	9	2.7

样品	DSU?450L/g	PAPI/g	催化剂/g	阻燃剂		H₂O/g	环戊烷/g	泡沫稳定剂/g
样品	DSU?450L/g	PAPI/g	催化剂/g	EG/g	PCBD?11/g	H₂O/g	环戊烷/g	泡沫稳定剂/g
纯RPUF	72	108	2.16	-	-	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF/ 8 %EG	72	108	2.16	16.93	-	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF /8 %EG /6 %LPRFR	72	108	2.16	18.12	13.59	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF /8 %EG/8 %LPRFR	72	108	2.16	18.55	18.55	0.9	9	2.7
RPUF /8 %EG/10 %LPRFR	72	108	2.16	19.00	23.75	0.9	9	2.7

样品	T_{d,5 %}/℃	T_max/℃	残炭量/%
样品	T_{d,5 %}/℃	T_max/℃	500 ℃	600 ℃	700 ℃
纯RPUF	251.32	330	19.88	15.14	14.54
RPUF/8 %EG	262.57	330	37.36	33.56	25.32
RPUF/8 %EG/6 %LPRFR	239.38	317	28.82	27.13	26.24
RPUF/8 %EG/8 %LPRFR	242.01	322	37.35	33.67	32.10
RPUF/8 %EG/10 %LPRFR	240.89	335	35.21	31.13	28.44

样品	T_{d,5 %}/℃	T_max/℃	残炭量/%
样品	T_{d,5 %}/℃	T_max/℃	500 ℃	600 ℃	700 ℃
纯RPUF	251.32	330	19.88	15.14	14.54
RPUF/8 %EG	262.57	330	37.36	33.56	25.32
RPUF/8 %EG/6 %LPRFR	239.38	317	28.82	27.13	26.24
RPUF/8 %EG/8 %LPRFR	242.01	322	37.35	33.67	32.10
RPUF/8 %EG/10 %LPRFR	240.89	335	35.21	31.13	28.44

样品	LOI/%	pk?HRR/kW·m^-2	THR/MJ·m^-2	av?CO/kg·kg^-1	av?CO₂/kg·kg^-1	残炭量/%
纯RPUF	18.5	360	30	0.15	2.30	0.1
RPUF /8 %EG	23.5	206	25	0.08	2.74	47
RPUF /8 %EG/6 %LPRFR	24.2	202	25	0.19	2.10	36
RPUF /8 %EG/8 %LPRFR	25.2	201	25	0.18	2.94	33
RPUF /8 %EG/10 %LPRFR	26.1	194	26	0.16	2.81	29