China Plastics ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 100-105.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.02.019

• Review • Previous Articles    

Research progress in nonwoven technology of polyethylene ultrafine fibers

ZHANG Liyan1(), YIN Rongzheng1, TAN Jing1, HOU Qinzheng1, LI Changjin2, YANG Tao3, YANG Weimin1, LI Haoyi1()   

  1. 1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing,100029,China
    2.SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co,Ltd,Beijing,100029,China
    3.China Chemical Fiber Industry Association,Beijing 100020,China
  • Received:2024-05-13 Online:2025-02-26 Published:2025-02-27

Abstract:

To understand the development status of polyethylene (PE) ultrafine fibers as a chemical product, the nonwoven technology of ultrafine fibers at home and abroad was introduced and analyzed from the aspect of fiber fineness, and the spinning mechanisms, refining methods, and existing problems of wet spinning, flash phase separation, electrospinning, and melt blowing methods were reviewed. The key factors of wet spinning were high⁃quality gel solution and super drawing. The morphology of the prepared fibers was directly influenced by the degree of entanglement of polymer molecular chains, phase changes, and degree of synergistic curing and stretching of multiphase flow in flash evaporation phase separation. Due to the non⁃polar nature, high molecular weight, and high viscosity, PE is mostly electrospun through using solvents and conductive particles in solutions. However, greener melt electrospinning has attracted attention, because it can refine the fibers through blending small molecular substances, improving degradation temperature, lowering viscosity, and setting environmental temperature to extend whip time. The effect of process parameter on the separation of multi⁃component fibers after blending and melt spraying was analyzed. Finally, the hot research directions in future were pointed out, including the sustainable development technologies for supercritical green fluids and halogen⁃free environmentally friendly solvents.

Key words: ultrafine fiber, polyethylene, phase separation, melt blown, electrospinning

CLC Number: