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2010, Volume 24 Issue 10 Publication date: 26 October 2010 Previous Issue Next Issue

Review of Intumescent Flame Retardants

CHEN Xiaoping ZHANG Sheng YANG Weiqiang CUI Zheng CHEN Xiaosui

2010, 24 (10): 1-8 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.001

Abstract ( 3093 )

The recent development and the mechanism of intumescent flame retardant have been reviewed with both chemical and physical types compared. The synergistic additive for intumescent flame retardant used in polyolefin was also introduced. The application of the intumescent flame retardant in polyolefin was discussed and some problem-solving was proposed. Multifunctional and environmentally-friendly were considered the development trends of intumescent flame retardants.

Characteristics of Solventless Lamination Technology and Sructure of Equipment Associated with It

Lv Ling Gao De Xu Wencai Zuo Guangshen

2010, 24 (10): 9-16 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.002

Abstract ( 2095 )

Solventless lamination technology both at home and abroad was reviewed. Solventless lamination have the advantages of no drying cylinders and energy saving. The design features in the coating systems, lamination units, winding units, tension control and dispensing system were presented. It was pointed out that the development trends of solventless laminator would be high efficiency, multi-functional, digital and automatic.

Research Progress in Ceramization of Silicone-based Polymers

WEI Fangming WANG Tingwei SHAO Haibin

2010, 24 (10): 17-20 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.003

Abstract ( 2540 )

Research progress in the ceramization of silicone-based polymer was reviewed. Three kinds of ceramic formulas and ceramic effects such as wollastonite, mica, and additives/mica systems were introduced. Wollastonite was satisfactory in enhancing mechanical properties of the hybrid systems. When used as cable threath, mica system quite met the requirements in electrical and mechanical performance. Mixture of mica and inorganic filler could improve the strength of the ceramization products, the presence of inorganic filler improved the compactness of the products. The application and future direction of ceramic systems were also put forward.

Research Progress in Morphology of Dispersed Phase in Immiscible Polymer Blends under Flow Field

HE Yusong HUANG Yajiang LI Guangxian

2010, 24 (10): 21-27 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.004

Abstract ( 2126 )

The morphology evolution during melt blending plays an important role in the final microstructure and performance of multiphase polymeric materials. The dispersed phase size of immiscible polymer blends under flow is determined by the breakup and coalescence processes of droplets. The earlier studies are mainly limited to the Newtonian systems. Much of the deformation, breakup and coalescence theories of droplet have originated from the Newtonian fluid systems. In essence, polymer blends have many similarities with the Newtonian fluid. However, their unique viscoelastic properties play an important role that can not be neglectable during the morphological evolution. Recent experimental and theoretical progresses in the morphology of immiscible polymer blends with droplet structure under flow were summarized. Several theoretical models in predicting the dispersed phase size were compared. The influences of various factors such as shear rate, composition, elasticity, compatibilizer and filler on the morphology of dispersed phases were discussed.

Study on Flame Retardancy of Halogen-free Retardants Retarded High Impact Polystyrene

2010, 24 (10): 28-32 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.005

Abstract ( 2352 )

Master batch of micro-capsulated red phosphorus (MRP) and polyphenylene oxide (PPO) were compounded forming a flame retardant, which was applied in high impact polystyrene (HIPS) via melt blending. The flame retardant effect was studied through oxygen index, vertical burning test, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Residue collected during TGA was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It was revealed that the compound flame retardant, When the contents of MRP and PPO were 10 and 18wt%, respectively, HIPS displayed an oxygen index of 34% and a vertical burning level of FV-0 (1.5mm). There was a synergetic effect between MRP master batch and PPO, and the flame retard acted mainly in the condensed phase.

Comparatibilization Effect of POE-g-MAH and PP-g-MAH on PA1010/PP Blends under Shearing Force

LIU Ping YANG Fengxia TAO Jianzhong

2010, 24 (10): 33-38 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.006

Abstract ( 2298 )

Various polyamide/polypropylene (PA1010/PP) blends were prepared via melt blending using maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene-octene copolymer (POE-g-MAH) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) as compatibilizers. The compatibilizing effect of POE-g-MAH and PP-g-MAH on PA1010/PP blends obtained via dynamic packing injection molding was investigated by means of scaning electron microscopy, mechanical testing, and differential scanning calorimetry. The tensile strength, tensile modulus, and notched impact strength were generally increased by the introduction of POE-g-MAH and PP-g-MAH. Compared with POE-g-MAH, the PP-g-MAH based blends had smaller domain size, more smeared interface, elevated crystallization temperature, and larger crystallinity. However, POE-g-MAH based blends had much higher notched impact strength.

Effect of Cu-loaded montmorillonite on Flame Retardancy of PVC

YANG Ling WANG Yongyi

2010, 24 (10): 39-42 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.007

Abstract ( 2197 )

Cu-loaded montmorillonite was prepared via ion exchange and treated with hexadecyl trimethy ammonium bromide, which was introduced into PVC matrix forming a nanocomposite. X-ray diffraction showed that the obtained nanocomposite was an intercalation structure. Measurements of thermal gravimetric analysis, limited oxygen index, vertical burning test and smoke density test revealed that the intercalated montmorillonite enhanced the char-formation, thermal stability and flame retardant properties of PVC matrix.

Effects of Microcrystalline Cellulose Content on Properties of PE-HD Composites

Li HongLin GuiSheng Yang YuCheng Wu

2010, 24 (10): 43-46 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.008

Abstract ( 2267 )

High density ployethylene (PE-HI) composites filled with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were prepared by melt blending. The effects of MCC content on the mechanical property, rheological behavior, heat distortion temperature and surface morphology were studied. It showed that MCC improve the mechanical properties and the heat distortion temperature. The optical content of MCC was found as 60 %, which resulted in a uniform dispersion of MCC in PE-HD matrix.

Study on Properties of PE-LLD with High Openings Performance

WEI Fuqing ZHOU Fubing XU Huifang LI Pengpeng

2010, 24 (10): 47-49 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.009

Abstract ( 2304 )

The physical, mechanical, and rheological properties, molecular weight and distribution, and degree of branching of a linear low-density polyethylene film-forming resin DFDA7042H for films were studied and compared with imported counterparts. It was found that their physical and tribological properties were comparable. However, DFDA7042H possessed a little higher molecular weight, broader molecular weight distribution, lower shear viscosity, which led to better processability. In addition, the haze of the film based on DFDA7042H was lower, thus higher transparency. The suitable dynamic friction factor of the film ensured its slip property.

Study on Styrene and Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene in Water Suspension System

ZHU Baodong WANG Jian DONG Qun SONG Jun

2010, 24 (10): 50-54 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.010

Abstract ( 2264 )

Styrene and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-St/MAH) was prepared via a water suspension grafting process. The effect of ST dosage on the grafting reaction was investigated using melt floe rate, water contact angle, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It showed that the graft ratio of MAH increased with increasing ST dosage. When the weight ratio of St/MAH was 3/1, the graft ratio was 3.10 % and graft efficiency reached 70.02 % With increasing grafting ratio, the MFR value decreased, melt strength increased，crystallinity lowered, and hydrophilicity enhanced.

Preparation of Cellulose Grafted Butyl Methacrylate Oil Absorbing Resins Initiated by Ceric Ion

Halidan Mamat Ablimit Kurbanjian Rouz Alimjian

2010, 24 (10): 55-61 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.011

Abstract ( 1967 )

Cellulose based oil absorbing resins were prepared via grafting cotton pulp with poly(butyl methacrylate), and were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, TG, and DSC. Effects of the pre-process of the base cotton pulp and the condition of graft copolymerization were investigated, the found optimal preparation procedure was: the cotton pulp was first activated with a 0.15mol/LHNO3 solution containing ceric ion at 45℃ for 2.5h, then grafted with butyl methacrylate at 50℃ for 24h in presence of a crosslinker N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide. The weight ratios of cellulose/ initiator /monomer/ crosslinker should be 1/0.03/1.5/0.03. Based above conditions, high graft rates could be reached and resulting in excellent oil-absorbing property.

Effect of High Shearing Stress on Mechanical Properties of ABS/NBR Blends

LI Huaidong ZHANG Yuncan QIAN Hui

2010, 24 (10): 62-65 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.012

Abstract ( 2190 )

The effect of shearing stress in a twin screw extruder during melt extruding on the mechanical properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer/nitrile-butadiene ruber (ABS/NBR) blends was investigated. It was found that a higher shearing stress could accelerate the distribution of NBR particles in the ABS matrix and enhanced the interfacial bonding between NBR and ABS. At 220℃, when the screw speed increased from 240 to 1200r/min, the Izod impact strength of the blends (ABS/NBR=90/10) increased from 22.1 to 28.8kJ/m2.

Study on Rheological Behavior of PP/POE/T-ZnOw Composites

WANG Lei HU Guosheng WANG Biaobing

2010, 24 (10): 66-70 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.013

Abstract ( 2414 )

The polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-1-octylene copolymer (POE)/tetrapod-like zinc oxide whisker (T-ZnOw) ternary composites were prepared by melting blend in a twin-screw extruder. The rheological behavior of pure PP, PP/POE binary blend and PP/POE/T-ZnOw ternary composites was analyzed using a capillary rheometer. The effect of T-ZnOw loading level on the rheological behavior of the ternary composites was investigated in detail. The results showed that the effect of POE on the consistency of the binary was relative to the temperature, the T-ZnOw content displayed different influence on the consistency, apparent viscosity and viscous flow activation energy of the ternary composites.

Study on Deformable Pre-compensation of Injection Molded Plastics Parts Based on Robust Optimization

HUANG Fengli Guowen LIU Jinmei GU Jinhong XU

2010, 24 (10): 71-75 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.014

Abstract ( 1966 )

A per-compensation method in plastic injection was proposed based on robust optimization. Particularly, the per-compensation for plastic warpage considered the factors of material property, runner system, cooling system, and craft parameters. Based on the principle of plastic pre-compensation, and the method and procedure were set, then a robust optimum model was formulated. The given method was testified by an real case with satisfactory results.

Study on Processing Technology of PVC-U Ribbed Pipes and Factor Influencing Their Quality

WO Qizhong CHEN Yiming

2010, 24 (10): 76-80 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.015

Abstract ( 2087 )

PVC-U ribbed pipes were successfully produced using domestic raw materials and equipment. The formula and processing technology would affect the quality of PVC-U ribbed pipes. Factors influencing their quality such as processing temperature, pressure, screw speed and vacuum were analyzed, and some feasible solutions were proposed.

Effect of Current Antioxidants on Thermal Oxidation Stability of PMMA

WEI Changji CAO Chunlei ZHANG Zijian YANG Haidong ZHANG Huixuan

2010, 24 (10): 81-84 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.017

Abstract ( 2304 )

The effect of antioxidant on thermal oxidation stability of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) was systematically studied by thermogravimetric analysis. It was indicated that the addition of antioxidants could effectively improve thermal oxidative stability of PMMA. The initial decomposition temperature and maximum decomposition rate temperature increased linearly with antioxidant loading (up to 3 ‰ ). The main antioxidant BHT was effective for the initial decomposition temperature and the assistant antioxidant DLTDP for the maximum decomposition rate temperature. The optimal weight ratio of the main and assistant antioxidants was 1/2.

Preparation and Properties of Silicone Modified Epoxy Resin

LI Meili YANG Xiang JING Luru LI Qian ZHANG Yuanping

2010, 24 (10): 85-88 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.019

Abstract ( 2251 )

Three kinds of ethoxy silicone monomers were mixed and underwent incomplete hydrolysis,and the product was reacted with epoxy resin forming a silicone modified epoxy resin. The influences of hydrolysis ratio on the impact strength，bending strength, and thermal stability of the cured resin was investigated. When the hydrolysis ratio 0.5，the impact strength was 14.07kJ/m2，bend strength was 26.73MPa，the temperature of 50%weight loss was 424℃， higher than those of unmodified epoxy resin by 10.23 kJ/m2，6.98 MPa，23℃ respectively.

Effect of Waste Polyester Fabric on Crystallization-melting Behavior and Morphology of Recycled Polypropylene Modified by β Nucleating Agent

SHEN Juncai LI Bocheng LIN Zhidan ZHANG Xiuju LI Zhengjun LIU Nengsheng

2010, 24 (10): 89-93 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.020

Abstract ( 1764 )

Blends of waste polyester fabric/polypropylene containing β nucleating agent were prepared using a twin-screw extruder. The crystallization and melting behavior, crystal morphology and microstructure of the composite were investigated using DSC, WAXD, POM, and SEM. It was found that a large quantity of β form was induced by the loaded β nucleating agent. The waste polyester fabric could be effectively dispersed and maintain the fiber morphology with little influence on the β crystal of polypropylene.

Design Method of Die Runners for WPC Profiles Based on Numerical Simulation and Orthogonal Test

XUE Ping ZHAO Feng MIAO Lirong LIU Tiantao FANGXiaozhong

2010, 24 (10): 94-99 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.021

Abstract ( 2286 )

In this paper, a design method for a profile die runner was developed based on orthogonal test and numerical simulation. The procedure was as follows: the main parameters of the extrusion flow were defined as the experimental factors, a simulation model was formulated using Inventor software, the situation of plastic melt flowing in the profile dies were simulated through Polyflow as a finite element analysis software of CFD, selecting appropriate criterion to evaluate the results of orthogonal test and optimizing the parameters repeatedly，then the reasonable parameters were gained. Based on this method, column-shaped extrusion die for Wood-plastic composite materials was designed and optimized, eventually the ideal design results were obtained.

Flowing Balance Optimization of Double-color Injection Mould with Hot Runners Based on Moldflow

Yan XU JIA Jianbo WANG Shenbo

2010, 24 (10): 100-103 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.10.022

Abstract ( 2478 )

Using filling and flowing balance modules of Moldflow, unbalanced flowing of double-color toothbrushes injection mould with hot runner was analyzed. By adjusting section sizes of runners, good flowing balance was obtained: in first injection molding, the unbalanced filling ratio was decreased to 1.7% from 38.2%, and the unbalanced pressure ratio was decreased to 4.1% from 39.6%; unbalanced filling ratio and unbalanced pressure ratio was 0.37% and 4.5% separately for second injection molding. Main process parameters were determined, including injection time, injection pressure, melt temperature and mould temperature.