乙烯⁃醋酸乙烯共聚物纳米纤维网状结构黏合材料

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2020.06.006

中国塑料 ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 34-39.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2020.06.006

乙烯⁃醋酸乙烯共聚物纳米纤维网状结构黏合材料

李曼, 武丁胜, 李家莉, 胡金燕, 王克付, 凤权()

安徽工程大学安徽省纺织面料重点实验室，安徽芜湖 241000

收稿日期:2019-10-22 出版日期:2020-06-26 发布日期:2020-06-26
基金资助:
安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2016SD04);安徽省科技计划项目(1604b0602024);“纺织面料”安徽省高校重点实验室和安徽省纺织工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(KZ00418043)

An Adhesive Material with Framework Structure Based on Ethylene⁃vinyl Acetate Copolymer Nanofibers

Man LI, Dingsheng WU, Jiali LI, Jinyan HU, Kefu WANG, Quan FENG()

Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Textile Fabric, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China

Received:2019-10-22 Online:2020-06-26 Published:2020-06-26
Contact: Quan FENG E-mail:fengquan@ahpu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过添加无机盐改善乙烯?醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA）纳米纤维静电纺丝困难的问题，得到一种网状结构的黏合材料。将其置于两层丙纶熔喷布之间，经热压得到复合材料。探究最佳纺丝参数及热压温度对层间剪切强度的影响，在最适温度下制备复合材料，并测试了其拉伸性能以及空气过滤效率。结果表明，当纺丝液浓度为6 %、三氯甲烷(CHCl₃)与四氢呋喃(THF)的质量比为7∶3，氯化锂(LiCl)添加量为0.2 %（质量分数，下同）时，EVA纳米纤维形态良好；80 ℃下热压时剪切强度最高；经测量复合材料的空气过滤效率能达到98.71 %以上，显著优于4层商用口罩熔喷布的过滤效率；复合材料的与力学性能复合前的熔喷布相比，也有了明显的提高。

关键词: 黏合剂, 静电纺丝, 乙烯?醋酸乙烯共聚物, 氯化锂, 过滤

Abstract:

In this study, a solution was offered for the difficulty in electrospinning of ethylene?vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) nanofibers by introduction of inorganic salts, and an adhesive material with a framework structure was obtained based on this nanfibers. A series of composites was prepared by hot compression with an EVA nanofiber sheet between two polypropylene melt?blown nonwoven layers, and the effect of hot pressing temperature on their shear strength was investigated. Furthermore, the tensile properties and air filtration efficiency were evaluated for the composites obtained at the optimum temperature. The results indicated that the EVA nanofibers exhibited a good morphology when prepared at a spinning solution concentration of 6 wt%, a CHCl₃/THF mass ratio of 7/3, and a LiCl addition amount of 0.2 wt%. The composites achieved the maximum shear strength at the hot pressing temperature of 80 °C, and their air filtration efficiency reached over 98.71 %. Such a value was evidently greater than the filtration efficiency of the 4?layer commercial melt?blown mask cloth. Compared to uncompounded melt?blown fabrics, there is a significant improvement in the mechanical properties for the composites prepared in this work.

Key words: adhesive, electrospinning, ethylene?vinyl acetate copolymer, lithium chloride, filter

中图分类号:

TQ322

李曼, 武丁胜, 李家莉, 胡金燕, 王克付, 凤权. 乙烯⁃醋酸乙烯共聚物纳米纤维网状结构黏合材料[J]. 中国塑料, 2020, 34(6): 34-39.

Man LI, Dingsheng WU, Jiali LI, Jinyan HU, Kefu WANG, Quan FENG. An Adhesive Material with Framework Structure Based on Ethylene⁃vinyl Acetate Copolymer Nanofibers[J]. China Plastics, 2020, 34(6): 34-39.

图/表 6

图1 EVA纤维的SEM照片（×1 000）

Fig.1 SEM of EVA fibers（×1 000）

图2 不同浓度纺丝液制备的EVA纤维（×2 000）

Fig.2 EVA fibers made from spinning solution of different concentration（×2 000）

纺丝液浓度/%	剪切速率/s^-1	黏度/Pa·s
2	21.50	0.0030
4	21.50	0.0732
6	21.50	0.1028
8	21.50	0.3848

表1 黏度测试结果

Tab.1 Viscosity of the solutions

图3 剪切强度测试结果

Fig.3 Shear strength

样品	断裂强力/N	断裂伸长率/%
熔喷/EVA复合材料	31.18±1.31	20.35±0.47
双层熔喷布	18.10±0.231	22.71±0.39

表2 断裂强力和断裂伸长率测试结果

Tab.2 Breaking force and elongation at break of various samples

样品	过滤效率/%	透气率/mm·s^-1
熔喷/EVA复合材料	98.71±0.95	73.82±0.46
双层熔喷布	72.15±6.63	114.82±6.78
商用4层熔喷口罩布	74.91±3.75	38.90±0.99

表3 过滤性能和透气率测试结果

Tab. 3 The result of filtration performance and air permeability

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乙烯⁃醋酸乙烯共聚物纳米纤维网状结构黏合材料

An Adhesive Material with Framework Structure Based on Ethylene⁃vinyl Acetate Copolymer Nanofibers

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