PVC⁃U排水管道中重金属铅的浸出研究

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2020.07.011

中国塑料 ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 69-73.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2020.07.011

PVC⁃U排水管道中重金属铅的浸出研究

李沙, 战佳宇(), 李延军, 刘振新, 杨飞华

固废资源化利用与节能建材国家重点实验室，北京 100041

收稿日期:2020-02-10 出版日期:2020-07-26 发布日期:2020-07-26
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0211500)

Study on Leaching of Heavy Metal Lead from Unplasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) Drainpipes

Sha LI, Jiayu ZHAN(), Yanjun LI, Zhenxin LIU, Feihua YANG

State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing 100041, China

Received:2020-02-10 Online:2020-07-26 Published:2020-07-26
Contact: Jiayu ZHAN E-mail:13031188952@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了3种添加铅稳定剂的铅总量和硬聚氯乙烯（PVC?U）管道产品在不同时间，温度及pH下的浸出规律，并讨论了浸出机理。结果表明，3种产品浸出规律一致：铅浸出量随时间增加先增加后减少，浸出4 h时浸出量最大；温度对铅浸出量影响显著，铅浸出量随温度的增加持续增加；铅在强酸性环境的浸出量大于在强碱性环境下的浸出量，在偏碱性环境下的浸出量最少。

关键词: 硬聚氯乙烯, 管道, 铅, 重金属, 浸出

Abstract:

This paper reported a study on the total lead leaching and relevant mechanisms of three PVC?U drainpipes products with a lead stabilizer at different time, temperature and pH value. The results indicated that the leaching law was consistent for these three types of products, which presented an increase trend in the leaching amount of lead at first and then a decrease trend with the time. The leaching amount of lead reached a maximum value at the time of 4 h. The temperature also influenced the leaching amount of lead significantly. Moreover, the leaching amount of lead in the strong acid environment is greater than that in the strong alkaline environment, the products showed a minimum leaching amount in the partial alkaline environment.

Key words: unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride), drainpipes, lead, heavy metal, leaching

中图分类号:

TQ322.4

李沙, 战佳宇, 李延军, 刘振新, 杨飞华. PVC⁃U排水管道中重金属铅的浸出研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2020, 34(7): 69-73.

Sha LI, Jiayu ZHAN, Yanjun LI, Zhenxin LIU, Feihua YANG. Study on Leaching of Heavy Metal Lead from Unplasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) Drainpipes[J]. China Plastics, 2020, 34(7): 69-73.

图/表 10

图1 PVC?U排水管道

Fig.1 PVC?U drainpipes

图2 PVC?U排水管道主要工艺流程

Fig.2 The main process flowchart of PVC?U drainpipes

管道样品编号	铅总量/μg·g^-1
1	49.5
2	6 577.3
3	5 512.8

表1 PVC?U管道中铅总量

Tab.1 Total lead in PVC?U drainpipes

图3 浸出时间对铅浸出浓度的影响

Fig.3 Leaching amount of lead at different time

图4 不同浸出时间的铅浸出率

Fig.4 Leaching rates of lead at different times

图5 浸出时间对溶液pH的影响

Fig.5 Effect of time on pH of the solution

图6 浸出温度对铅浸出量的影响

Fig.6 Effect of temperature on lead leaching

图7 浸出液pH对铅浸出量的影响

Fig.7 Effect of pH on lead leaching

图8 Pb?O?H2O体系中不同组分的浓度对数图

Fig.8 Logarithmic map of concentrations of different components in Pb?O?H2O systemc(Pb2+)=10.00 mmol/L

序号	酸碱反应式	平衡常数
1	H₂O $?$ H⁺+OH^-	logK=-14.00
2	2Pb²⁺+6H₂O $?$ 2Pb(OH)₃^-+6H⁺	logK=-28.6
3	Pb²⁺+4H₂O $?$ Pb(OH)₄^2-+4H⁺	logK=-39.7
4	2Pb²⁺+H₂O $?$ Pb₂(OH)³⁺+H⁺	logK=-6.63
5	Pb²⁺+H₂O $?$ Pb(OH)⁺+H⁺	logK=-7.71

序号	酸碱反应式	平衡常数
1	H₂O $?$ H⁺+OH^-	logK=-14.00
2	2Pb²⁺+6H₂O $?$ 2Pb(OH)₃^-+6H⁺	logK=-28.6
3	Pb²⁺+4H₂O $?$ Pb(OH)₄^2-+4H⁺	logK=-39.7
4	2Pb²⁺+H₂O $?$ Pb₂(OH)³⁺+H⁺	logK=-6.63
5	Pb²⁺+H₂O $?$ Pb(OH)⁺+H⁺	logK=-7.71

表2 Pb?O?H2O体系的酸碱化学反应

Tab .2 Acid?base chemical reaction in Pb?O?H2O system

表2 Pb?O?H2O体系的酸碱化学反应

Tab .2 Acid?base chemical reaction in Pb?O?H2O system

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PVC⁃U排水管道中重金属铅的浸出研究

Study on Leaching of Heavy Metal Lead from Unplasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) Drainpipes

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