聚氨酯掺杂铜粉涂层的电磁特征及其涂层织物的吸波性能

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.09.007

中国塑料 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 46-52.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.09.007

聚氨酯掺杂铜粉涂层的电磁特征及其涂层织物的吸波性能

张梦欣²(), 刘让同¹^,³^,⁴(), 李亮²^,³^,⁴, 李淑静¹^,³^,⁴, 刘淑萍¹^,³^,⁴

^1.中原工学院服装学院，郑州 451191
^2.中原工学院纺织学院，郑州 451191
^3.纺织服装河南省协同创新中心，郑州 451191
^4.河南省功能纺织材料重点实验室，郑州 451191

收稿日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2022-09-26 发布日期:2022-09-26
通讯作者: 刘让同（1966—），男，教授，博士，主要从事纺织服装新材料领域研究工作，ranton@126.com
E-mail:1441826279@qq.com;ranton@126.com
作者简介:张梦欣（1996—），女，在读研究生，主要研究纺织服装新材料，1441826279@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2017YFB0309100)

Electromagnetic characteristics of copper⁃powder⁃doped polyurethane coating and absorbing properties of its coated fabric

ZHANG Mengxing²(), LIU Rangtong¹^,³^,⁴(), LI Liang²^,³^,⁴, LI Shujing¹^,³^,⁴, LIU Shuping¹^,³^,⁴

^1.Fashion Technology College，Zhongyuan University of Technology，Zhengzhou 451191，China
^2.Textile College，Zhongyuan University of Technology，Zhengzhou 451191，China
^3.Collaborative Innovation Center of Textiles and Clothing in Henan Province，Zhengzhou 451191，China
^4.Henan Province Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials，Zhengzhou 451191，China

Received:2022-05-05 Online:2022-09-26 Published:2022-09-26
Contact: LIU Rangtong E-mail:1441826279@qq.com;ranton@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将掺杂了不同含量微米铜粉的聚氨酯（PU）涂料通过涂层工艺涂敷在棉织物上制成吸波涂层织物，并利用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱和矢量网络分析仪等测试了不同铜粉含量聚氨酯涂层的介电常数、磁导率和电磁损耗等电磁性能，同时还探讨不同铜粉含量涂料对涂层织物电磁吸收性能的影响。结果表明，在 8~13 GHz 的频段范围内，随着涂层中铜粉含量增加，涂层介电常数实部与虚部均增大，铜粉具有良好的介电性能，在外加电场的作用下产生极化，对电磁波产生介电损耗；铜粉不属于磁损耗材料，对电磁波产生磁损耗较小；当铜粉的含量较低（3 %，质量分数，下同）时，涂层材料的吸波与电磁屏蔽性能较弱，当含量由5 %增加至11 %时，在9.0、10.5、12.8 GHz处反射损耗最低分别为-20.4、-28.3、-25.6 dB，有效吸收带宽分别为0.2、1.3、1.1 GHz，电磁屏蔽效能分别由12.24、16.59、21.1 dB增加至25.92 dB。

关键词: 聚氨酯涂料, 微米铜粉, 棉织物, 介电常数, 磁导率, 反射损耗

Abstract:

An absorbing coating fabric was fabricated by coating a micron⁃copper⁃powder⁃doped polyurethane （PU） layer on the cotton fabric. The structure and performance of the coated fabric were investigated using scanning electron microscope， infrared spectrum， and vector network analyzer. The results indicated that the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant increase in the band range of 8~13 GHz with an increase in the copper powder content in the coating. This suggests that the copper powder generated good dielectric properties for the coating due to the presence of polarization under the applied electric field， producing dielectric loss to the electromagnetic wave. Copper powders do not belong to a magnetic loss material， resulting in a small magnetic loss to electromagnetic wave. The absorption and electromagnetic shielding performance of the coating materials were weak at a small weight fraction of copper powder （3 wt%）. When the content of copper powder increased from 5 wt% to 11 wt%， the lowest reflection losses of the coated fabric were -20.4， -28.3， -25.6 dB at 9.0， 10.5， 12.8 GHz， respectively， and its effective absorption bandwidths were 0.2， 1.3， 1.1 GHz. The electromagnetic shielding efficiency increased from 12.24， 16.59， 21.1 to 25.92 dB.

Key words: polyurethane coating, micro copper powder, cotton fabric, dielectric constant, magnetic permeability, reflection loss

中图分类号:

TQ320.67⁺2

张梦欣, 刘让同, 李亮, 李淑静, 刘淑萍. 聚氨酯掺杂铜粉涂层的电磁特征及其涂层织物的吸波性能[J]. 中国塑料, 2022, 36(9): 46-52.

ZHANG Mengxing, LIU Rangtong, LI Liang, LI Shujing, LIU Shuping. Electromagnetic characteristics of copper⁃powder⁃doped polyurethane coating and absorbing properties of its coated fabric[J]. China Plastics, 2022, 36(9): 46-52.

图/表 7

图1 不同铜粉含量涂层织物形貌照片

Fig.1 Different copper powder coating fabric morphology

图2 原棉织物与涂层织物的红外光谱图

Fig.2 FTIR spectra of pristine and coated cotton fabric

图3 不同铜粉含量涂层棉织物XRD曲线

Fig.3 XRD patterns of the coated cotton fabrics with different copper powder contents

图4 不同铜粉含量涂层织物试样的电磁参数

Fig. 4 Electromagnetic parameters of samples with different copper powder contents

图5 不同铜粉含量试样的电磁损耗

Fig.5 Electromagnetic loss of samples with different contents of copper powder

图6 不同铜粉含量涂层材料的反射损耗

Fig.6 Reflection loss of coated fabric with different copper powder contents

图7 不同铜粉含量涂层材料的电磁屏蔽效能

Fig.7 Electromagnetic shielding efficiency of coating materials with different copper powder contents

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聚氨酯掺杂铜粉涂层的电磁特征及其涂层织物的吸波性能

Electromagnetic characteristics of copper⁃powder⁃doped polyurethane coating and absorbing properties of its coated fabric

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