废旧冰箱混合塑料静电分选关键参数影响研究

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.08.019

中国塑料 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (8): 131-135.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.08.019

废旧冰箱混合塑料静电分选关键参数影响研究

吕怀兴¹, 秦玉飞², 詹路², 牛远航¹, 许振明²()

^1.江西格林循环产业股份有限公司，江西宜春 331100
^2.上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院，上海 200240

收稿日期:2021-05-20 出版日期:2021-08-26 发布日期:2021-08-27

Study on Electrostatic Separation Process of Mixed Plastics from Waste Refrigerators

LYU Huaixing¹, QIN Yufei², ZHAN Lu², NIU Yuanhang¹, XU Zhenming²()

^1.Jiangxi Green Recycling Co，Ltd，Yichun 331100，China
^2.School of Environmental Science and Engineering，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200240，China

Received:2021-05-20 Online:2021-08-26 Published:2021-08-27
Contact: XU Zhenming E-mail:zmxu@sjtu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用废旧冰箱整体破碎分选得到的混合塑料破碎料作为原料，利用自由落体式静电分离机进行处理后得到丙烯腈?丁二烯?苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）、高抗冲聚苯乙烯（PS?HI）两种废塑料破碎料，通过缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度、分选效率等测试研究了原料预处理与静电分离机工艺等多个关键参数对分选效果的影响。结果表明，控制较低的混合塑料破碎料含水率可以明显提高静电分选的效率和产物性能；静电分选场电压在27 kV 时，喂料速度在550 r/min 时可以达到最佳的分选效率和产物性能；静电分离机极间距在200 和220 mm 左右时可以分别达到ABS 和PS?HI 的最佳分选效率和力学性能。

关键词: 废旧冰箱, 混合塑料, 静电分选, 分选效率

Abstract:

A mixed plastic crushing material obtained from waste refrigerators was sorted to ABS and PS?HI waste plastics by free falling electrostatic separator. The effects of raw material pretreatment and electrostatic separator process on separation efficiency were studied through notched impact strength， tensile strength and separation efficiency. The results indicated that the efficiency of electrostatic separation and the properties of products were improved obviously through controlling the lower moisture content of mixed plastics. The optimal separation efficiency and product performance were achieved at a voltage of electrostatic separation field of 27 kV and a feeding speed if 550 r/min. The highest separation efficiency of ABS and PS?HI along with the best mechanical properties was achieved with electrostatic separator distances of about 200 and 220 mm， respectively.

Key words: waste refrigerator, mixed plastics, electrostatic separation, separation efficiency

中图分类号:

TQ317.9

吕怀兴, 秦玉飞, 詹路, 牛远航, 许振明. 废旧冰箱混合塑料静电分选关键参数影响研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2021, 35(8): 131-135.

LYU Huaixing, QIN Yufei, ZHAN Lu, NIU Yuanhang, XU Zhenming. Study on Electrostatic Separation Process of Mixed Plastics from Waste Refrigerators[J]. China Plastics, 2021, 35(8): 131-135.

图/表 6

图1 静电分离机工艺流程图

Fig.1 Process flow chart of electrostatic separation

因素	取值					其他条件设定
W/%	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	U=24 kV	V=450 r/min	S=200 mm
U/kV	18	21	24	27	30	W=0.1 %	V=450 r/min	S=200 mm
V/r·min^-1	250	350	450	550	650	W=0.1 %	U=24 kV	S=200 mm
S/mm	180	200	220	240	260	W=0.1 %	U=24 kV	V=450 r/min

表1 单因素实验条件设定

Tab. 1 Conditions of single factor experiment

图2 含水率对混合塑料静电分选效果的影响

Fig.2 Effect of water content on electrostatic separation of mixed plastics

图3 电压对混合塑料静电分选效果的影响

Fig.3 Effect of voltage on electrostatic separation of mixed plastics

图4 喂料速度对混合塑料静电分选效果的影响

Fig.4 Effect of feeding speed on electrostatic separation of mixed plastics

图5 极间距对混合塑料静电分选效果的影响

Fig.5 Effect of electrode spacing on electrostatic separation of mixed plastics

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废旧冰箱混合塑料静电分选关键参数影响研究

Study on Electrostatic Separation Process of Mixed Plastics from Waste Refrigerators

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