基于导电涂层微结构TPU柔性传感器的制备和性能

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.11.001

中国塑料 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 1-6.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.11.001

• 材料与性能 • 下一篇

基于导电涂层微结构TPU柔性传感器的制备和性能

周丹砚, 黄汉雄()

华南理工大学广东省高分子先进制造技术及装备重点实验室，微/纳成型与流变学研究室，广州 510640

收稿日期:2022-07-20 出版日期:2022-11-26 发布日期:2022-11-25
通讯作者: 黄汉雄（1963—），男，教授，从事高分子材料加工设备与工程研究，mmhuang@scut.edu.cn
E-mail:mmhuang@scut.edu.cn

Preparation and performance of flexible sensors based on microstructured thermoplastic polyurethane with conductive coatings

ZHOU Danyan, HUANG Hanxiong()

Lab for Micro/Nano Molding & Polymer Rheology，Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510640，China

Received:2022-07-20 Online:2022-11-26 Published:2022-11-25
Contact: HUANG Hanxiong E-mail:mmhuang@scut.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将具有表面微结构和平整的热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）传感基片封装成压阻型柔性压力传感器，其中前者（尺寸为10 mm×10 mm）的表面喷涂不同质量（0.02、0.05、0.1 g）的多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs），并对微结构柔性传感基片表面形貌及传感器性能进行了表征和分析。结果表明，微结构传感基片表面上微柱顶面形成一定厚度的MWCNTs层，层内MWCNTs形成网络；喷涂较高MWCNTs质量时，传感器具有较高的灵敏度和较低的检测限，这归因于压力所致MWCNTs的网络搭接程度和传感基片间接触面积的增加量较大；喷涂0.1 g MWCNTs时，传感器的灵敏度为0.143 kPa^-1（0~3 kPa），检测限低至100 Pa，在较宽压力范围内（3~200 kPa）仍有一定的压阻响应，能在4 000次的循环压缩/释放测试（峰值压力约200 kPa）中保持稳定的压阻响应，且可准确检测典型人体运动所产生的压阻响应，具有应用于智能穿戴领域的潜能。

关键词: 热塑性聚氨酯, 多壁碳纳米管, 柔性压力传感器, 微柱结构

Abstract:

Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors were prepared through assembling the surface⁃microstructural and the flat thermoplastic polyurethane sensing substrates. The surface of the microstructural substrate with a size of 10 mm×10 mm was sprayed with diffe⁃rent masses of multi⁃walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs）（0.02， 0.05 and 0.1 g）. The surface morphology of the microstructural flexible sensing substrate and the performance of the sensors were characterized and analyzed. The results demonstrated that there was a carbon nanotube layer with a certain thickness formed on the top surfaces of the microcolumns on the microstructural substrate. The sensor based on the microstructural sensing substrate sprayed with a greater mass of MWCNTs exhibited a higher sensitivity and a lower detection limit. This may be attributed to greater increments in the pressure⁃induced overlap degree of the MWCNTs network and the contact area between the sensing substrates. The sensor based on the microstructural sensing substrate sprayed with 0.1 g MWCNTs presented a higher sensitivity of 0.143 kPa^-1 （0~3 kPa）， a lower detection limit of 100 Pa， together with a certain piezoresistive response in the wide pressure range of 3~200 kPa. Moreover， the sensor maintained a stable piezoresistive response during the 4 000⁃cycle compression/release test with a peak pressure of 200 kPa， and had an accurate detection capability toward the piezoresistive responses generated by typical human motions. The sensor exhibits great application potential for intelligent wearables.

Key words: thermoplastic polyurethane, multi?walled carbon nanotube, flexible pressure sensor, microcolumn

中图分类号:

TQ323.8

周丹砚, 黄汉雄. 基于导电涂层微结构TPU柔性传感器的制备和性能[J]. 中国塑料, 2022, 36(11): 1-6.

ZHOU Danyan, HUANG Hanxiong. Preparation and performance of flexible sensors based on microstructured thermoplastic polyurethane with conductive coatings[J]. China Plastics, 2022, 36(11): 1-6.

图/表 8

图1 封装的柔性压力传感器的示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of packaged flexible pressure sensor

图2 微结构柔性传感基片表面的SEM照片

Fig.2 SEM images of flexible sensing substrate surfaces with microcolumns

图3 3种传感器的∆R/R0随压力的变化曲线

Fig.3 ∆R/R0 versus pressure curves for three kinds of sensors

图4 施加1 g砝码时Sensor⁃0.1的∆R/R0随时间的变化曲线

Fig.4 ∆R/R0 of Sensor⁃0.1 versus time curve while loading 1 g weight

图5 柔性压力传感器的等效电路示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of equivalent circuit for flexible pressure sensor

图6 微结构传感基片上微柱及其顶面上MWCNTs层受压后变形机理示意图

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of deformation of microcolumns on microstructured sensing substrate and MWCNTs layer on microcolumns under pressure

图7 Sensor⁃0.1传感器的力电行为

Fig.7 Electromechanical behaviors of Sensor⁃0.1

图8 Sensor⁃0.1用于典型人体运动检测时∆R/R0随时间的变化曲线

Fig.8 ∆R/R0 versus time curves during monitoring of typical human motions by using Sensor⁃0.1

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基于导电涂层微结构TPU柔性传感器的制备和性能

Preparation and performance of flexible sensors based on microstructured thermoplastic polyurethane with conductive coatings

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