中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 60-68.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.10.011

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚丙烯/改性甲壳素厌氧型生物降解薄膜的制备

苏羽航1,5(), 卢修强1,5, 毛健全2, 尹望林3, 刘向4, 柯俊沐1,5, 林渊智1,5()   

  1. 1.福建技术师范学院,福州 350300
    2.福融新材料股份有限公司,福州 350300
    3.江苏丰远新材料科技有限公司,江苏 宿迁 223800
    4.天津华恒新材料股份有限公司 天津 300450
    5.食品软塑包装技术福建省高校工程研究中心,福州 350300
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-17 出版日期:2025-10-26 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 林渊智(1967—),教授级高级工程师,主要从事包装材料高性能化研究,963947786@qq.com
    E-mail:443900336@qq.com;963947786@qq.com
  • 作者简介:苏羽航(1984—),副教授,主要从事包装材料开发研究,443900336@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省科技计划项目(2024H6018);福建省科技计划项目(2024Y0030);福建省科技计划项目(2020H4005)

Preparation and characterizations of polypropylene/ethyl acrylate⁃modified chitinanaerobic biodegradable films

SU Yuhang1,5(), LU Xiuqiang1,5, MAO Jianquan2, YIN Wanglin3, LIU Xiang4, KE Junmu1,5, LIN Yuanzhi1,5()   

  1. 1.Fujian Polytechnic Normal University,Fuzhou 350300,China
    2.FOROP Advanced Materials Co,Ltd,Fuzhou 350300,China
    3.Jiangsu Fengyuan New Material Technology Co,Ltd,Suqian 223800,Chian
    4.Tianjin HuaHeng New Materials Co,Ltd,Tianjin 300450,China
    5.Fujian Universities and Colleges Engineering Research Center of Soft Plastic Packaging Technology for Food,Fuzhou 350300,China
  • Received:2025-03-17 Online:2025-10-26 Published:2025-10-21
  • Contact: LIN Yuanzhi E-mail:443900336@qq.com;963947786@qq.com

摘要:

将丙烯酸乙酯接枝至甲壳素上,通过三层流延共挤制备聚丙烯/改性甲壳素厌氧生物降解薄膜。通过核磁共振、傅里叶变换红外、拉曼光谱、热失重分析、差示扫描量热、扫描电子显微镜、薄膜物理性能测试、堆肥厌氧降解实验等,对甲壳素接枝丙烯酸乙酯进行表征,对聚丙烯/改性甲壳素厌氧生物降解助剂的加工性能,薄膜的物理性能、降解性能进行测试。结果表明,丙烯酸乙酯成功接枝至甲壳素上,甲壳素的热分解温度提高至340 ℃。在3 %单甘酯的协调作用下,改性甲壳素含量为10 %的厌氧生物降解助剂的流动性、改性甲壳素在助剂中的分散性得到改善。在厌氧生物降解薄膜中,改性甲壳素含量≤1.5 %时,可以起到异相成核作用,聚丙烯结晶度提高,熔点提高,结晶速率加快。薄膜的纵向拉伸强度,在改性甲壳素含量为2 %时,达到12.8 MPa的最大值,而薄膜的断裂伸长率则不断下降,韧性降低,此时薄膜的透光率为87.6 %,雾度为4.6 %,薄膜的雾率低于双向拉伸聚丙烯(BOPP)国家标准的要求。将改性甲壳素含量为1.5 %的聚丙烯薄膜进行堆肥厌氧降解实验,聚丙烯薄膜的降解率随堆肥时间的增加而不断增加,到56天时,平均降解率达到9.19 %。

关键词: 甲壳素, 接枝改性, 聚丙烯薄膜, 厌氧生物降解, 三层流延共挤

Abstract:

This study developed a novel anaerobic biodegradable polypropylene (PP) film by incorporating ethyl acrylate⁃grafted chitin via a three⁃layer cast co⁃extrusion process. The successful grafting of ethyl acrylate onto chitin, confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier⁃transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy, significantly enhanced its thermal stability, increasing the decomposition temperature to 340 °C. The modified chitin was compounded into a masterbatch with PP. The incorporation of 3 % monoglycerides as a compatibilizer improved the fluidity and dispersion of the masterbatch containing 10 % chitin. In the final extruded films, modified chitin content at or below 1.5 % acted as a heterogeneous nucleating agent, increasing the crystallinity, melting point, and crystallization rate of PP. At a 2 % loading, the film exhibited optimal tensile strength of 12.8 MPa, although elongation at break decreased. This formulation also demonstrated excellent optical properties, with a light transmittance of 87.6 % and haze of 4.6 %, surpassing the clarity requirements of the national BOPP film standard. Crucially, anaerobic composting tests revealed that films with 1.5 % modified chitin achieved an average biodegradation rate of 9.19 % over 56 days, confirming the effectiveness of this approach in enhancing the anaerobic biodegradability of PP films without severely compromising their mechanical and optical properties.

Key words: chitin, graft modification, polypropylene film, anaerobic biodegradation, three?layer cast co?extrusion

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