Abstract: β-Cyclodextrin is the cyclic glucose-type oligomer extracted from starch， and its external hydrophilicity and internal hydrophobicity form a unique 'microenvironment'， which makes β-cyclodextrin gain a wide range of material compatibility. With the ability to be compounded with various types of materials， β-cyclodextrin can form nanomaterials with different functions. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of research progress in the applications of β-cyclodextrin nanomaterials in adsorbing harmful substances， such as heavy metal ions， dye molecules， and antibiotics， in wastewater and soil and to look forward to the development prospect of β-cyclodextrin nanomaterials in future.