中国塑料 ›› 2010, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (03): 72-78 .DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.03.015

• 加工与应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

PVC-g-DMC抗菌聚合物的制备及其在PVC中的应用

葛一兰 李青山 崔占全 孙忠学 郭彬   

  1. 燕山大学
  • 收稿日期:2009-11-05 修回日期:2010-01-04 出版日期:2010-03-26 发布日期:2010-03-26

Preaparation of PVC-g-DMC and Its Application in PVC

Yilan GE Qingshan LI Zhanquan CUI Zhongxue SUN Bin GUO   

  • Received:2009-11-05 Revised:2010-01-04 Online:2010-03-26 Published:2010-03-26
  • Contact: Yilan GE

摘要: 利用固相悬浮法合成了以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为骨架聚合物、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为支链的接枝共聚物,其产物记做PVC-g-DMC。 通过FT-IR、1H-NMR、DSC、TG等手段对其进行表征,结果证明DMC单体成功接枝到PVC分子链上,使接枝物的玻璃化转变温度和熔点都随接枝率的升高而提高。进一步分析引发剂、单体浓度、反应温度、反应时间和亲水性对接枝率的影响,得出相应的最优接枝率。同时,通过X射线衍射研究了接枝物的结晶度。在此基础上,用机械共混法制备了PVC/PVC-g-DMC复合材料。当加入PVC-g-DMC的10 %(质量分数,下同)时,共混物的拉伸强度、冲击强度比未改性前分别提高了45.1 %、76.63 %。还考察了不同含量、不同接枝率复合材料的抗菌性能。按塑料抗菌性能检测QB/T2591-2003处理,结果证明抗菌塑料的抗菌效果十分显著。

关键词: 聚氯乙烯, 固相接枝, 季铵盐, 抗菌性

Abstract: In this paper solid-phase suspension method was employed to synthesize a 2-Trimethylammonium ethyl methacrylate chloride (DMC) grafted PVC resin (PVC-g-DMC). The effect of initiator, monomer concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the grafting degree was investigated, FT-IR and 1H-NMR confirmed the grafting structure. DSC showed that the glass transition temperature and melting point of PVC-g-DMC increased with increasing grafting degree. The crystallinity of the resin was determined using XRD. PVC-g-DMC was introduced intoi PVC as a mofifier. When the loading of PVC-g-DMC was 10 wt %, the tensile and impact strengths of increased by 45.1%, 76.63%, respectively, compared with un-modified resins. The inclusion of PVC-g-DMC also improved anti-bacterial properties of PVC.

Key words: poly(vinyl chloride), surface grafting, quaternary ammonium salt, antibacterial activity