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中国塑料 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 137-144.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.09.022
• 综述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2023-12-13
出版日期:
2024-09-26
发布日期:
2024-09-27
通讯作者:
张珍明(1986—),男,教授,博士,研究方向为环境科学、土壤修复治理,zhangzm@gzu.edu.cn作者简介:
肖进男(1990—),男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为环境工程,gs.jnxiao21@gzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
XIAO Jinnan1,2(), ZHANG Zhenming1,2(
)
Received:
2023-12-13
Online:
2024-09-26
Published:
2024-09-27
Contact:
ZHANG Zhenming
E-mail:gs.jnxiao21@gzu.edu.cn;zhangzm@gzu.edu.cn
摘要:
系统综述了中国农田土壤中微塑料的来源特征、赋存特征、污染危害状况及其对农田生态系统带来的潜在风险。并且进一步展望了今后农田土壤中微塑料污染研究的重点问题与导向,以期为系统分析与探究农田土壤中微塑料污染机理和风险防控提供科学思路。
中图分类号:
肖进男, 张珍明. 农田土壤中微塑料的来源、赋存特征及其潜在风险[J]. 中国塑料, 2024, 38(9): 137-144.
XIAO Jinnan, ZHANG Zhenming. Sources, occurrence characteristics and potential risks of microplastics in farmland soils: A review[J]. China Plastics, 2024, 38(9): 137-144.
7大 地区 | 各省份 | 土壤利用 类型 | 取样深度/cm | 微塑料 | 参考文献 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
丰度/个·kg⁃1 | 形态 | 尺寸/mm | 聚合物成分 | |||||
西北区 | 新疆 | 棉田 | 0~40 | 80. 3~1 076. 5 | 碎片和薄膜 | 0~5 | PE | [ |
青海 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~10 | 93. 8~4 782 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PP和PVC | [ | |
甘肃 | 粮田 | 0~30 | 580~11 900 | 碎片、纤维和薄膜 | 0~5 | — | [ | |
陕西 | 农田 | 0~10 | 1 430~3 410 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~0. 49 | PE、PP、PS、PVC、PET和PE⁃HD | [ | |
宁夏 | 农田 | 0~40 | 0~48. 6 mg·kg-1 | 碎片和薄膜 | 0~5 | — | [ | |
华北区 | 北京 | 菜田 | 0~20 | 160~5 220 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~5 | PE和PP | [ |
天津 | 农田 | 0~40 | 10. 0~13. 1 mg·kg-1 | 碎片和薄膜 | 0~5 | — | [ | |
内蒙古 | 粮油田 | 0~30 | 756~2 197 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~3 | — | [ | |
山西 | 农田 | 0~20 | 20~1 840 | 碎片、纤维和薄膜 | 0. 02~5 | PE、PP和PS | [ | |
河北 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 1 180~2 730 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PA 和 PES | [ | |
河北 | 粮田 | 0~30 | 173~2 253 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PA、PET和PES | [ | |
华东区 | 山东 | 菜田 | 0~25 | 310~5 698 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS、PU、EPC和ABS | [ |
江苏 | 菜田/茶园 | 0~20 | 420~1 290 | 纤维 | 1~5 | PE和PP | [ | |
上海 | 农田 | 0~3 | 20~265 | 纤维和碎片 | 1.32±0.07 | PP和PE | [ | |
安徽 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 218~445 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
浙江 | 菜田/果园 | 0~10 | 0~2 760 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE和PP | [ | |
西南区 | 西藏 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~6 | 0~270 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~2 | PE、PP、PS和PA | [ |
四川 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 17.6~79. 4 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS 和 PVC | [ | |
重庆 | 菜田 | 0~40 | 1.2~54.3 mg·kg-1 | 碎片、纤维和薄膜 | 0~5 | PE和PVC | [ | |
贵州 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 44~50 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
云南 | 农田 | 0~20 | 885±95 | 纤维、碎片和薄膜 | 0. 5~5 | PP、PE 和 PVC | [ | |
华南区 | 广西 | 果园 | 0~15 | 3~53 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ |
广东 | 果园 | 0~15 | 188~279 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
海南 | 农田 | — | 20~6 790 | 碎片(46.8 %) | <0.5 (37.8 %) | PP (56.8 %) | [ | |
福建 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 79~112 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
台湾 | 农田 | 5、20 | 12~117 个·m-2 | 碎片、纤维 | — | PE⁃LD | [ | |
华中区 | 河南 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 250~1 220 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ |
湖北 | 菜田/烟田 | 0~20 | 320~12 560 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~5 | PA、PP和PS | [ | |
湖南 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 826~1 198 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
江西 | 粮田 | 0~20 | 16. 4~43. 8 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~1 | PE、PP和PES | [ | |
东北区 | 黑龙江 | 粮田 | 0~30 | 0~800 | 薄膜 | 0. 1~5 | PE | [ |
吉林 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~15 | 5 215 ± 839 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
辽宁 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~30 | 217~2 512 mg·kg-1 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PE、PP和PS | [ |
7大 地区 | 各省份 | 土壤利用 类型 | 取样深度/cm | 微塑料 | 参考文献 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
丰度/个·kg⁃1 | 形态 | 尺寸/mm | 聚合物成分 | |||||
西北区 | 新疆 | 棉田 | 0~40 | 80. 3~1 076. 5 | 碎片和薄膜 | 0~5 | PE | [ |
青海 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~10 | 93. 8~4 782 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PP和PVC | [ | |
甘肃 | 粮田 | 0~30 | 580~11 900 | 碎片、纤维和薄膜 | 0~5 | — | [ | |
陕西 | 农田 | 0~10 | 1 430~3 410 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~0. 49 | PE、PP、PS、PVC、PET和PE⁃HD | [ | |
宁夏 | 农田 | 0~40 | 0~48. 6 mg·kg-1 | 碎片和薄膜 | 0~5 | — | [ | |
华北区 | 北京 | 菜田 | 0~20 | 160~5 220 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~5 | PE和PP | [ |
天津 | 农田 | 0~40 | 10. 0~13. 1 mg·kg-1 | 碎片和薄膜 | 0~5 | — | [ | |
内蒙古 | 粮油田 | 0~30 | 756~2 197 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~3 | — | [ | |
山西 | 农田 | 0~20 | 20~1 840 | 碎片、纤维和薄膜 | 0. 02~5 | PE、PP和PS | [ | |
河北 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 1 180~2 730 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PA 和 PES | [ | |
河北 | 粮田 | 0~30 | 173~2 253 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PA、PET和PES | [ | |
华东区 | 山东 | 菜田 | 0~25 | 310~5 698 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS、PU、EPC和ABS | [ |
江苏 | 菜田/茶园 | 0~20 | 420~1 290 | 纤维 | 1~5 | PE和PP | [ | |
上海 | 农田 | 0~3 | 20~265 | 纤维和碎片 | 1.32±0.07 | PP和PE | [ | |
安徽 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 218~445 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
浙江 | 菜田/果园 | 0~10 | 0~2 760 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE和PP | [ | |
西南区 | 西藏 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~6 | 0~270 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~2 | PE、PP、PS和PA | [ |
四川 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 17.6~79. 4 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS 和 PVC | [ | |
重庆 | 菜田 | 0~40 | 1.2~54.3 mg·kg-1 | 碎片、纤维和薄膜 | 0~5 | PE和PVC | [ | |
贵州 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 44~50 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
云南 | 农田 | 0~20 | 885±95 | 纤维、碎片和薄膜 | 0. 5~5 | PP、PE 和 PVC | [ | |
华南区 | 广西 | 果园 | 0~15 | 3~53 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ |
广东 | 果园 | 0~15 | 188~279 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
海南 | 农田 | — | 20~6 790 | 碎片(46.8 %) | <0.5 (37.8 %) | PP (56.8 %) | [ | |
福建 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 79~112 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
台湾 | 农田 | 5、20 | 12~117 个·m-2 | 碎片、纤维 | — | PE⁃LD | [ | |
华中区 | 河南 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 250~1 220 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ |
湖北 | 菜田/烟田 | 0~20 | 320~12 560 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜、颗粒和泡沫 | 0~5 | PA、PP和PS | [ | |
湖南 | 菜田 | 0~15 | 826~1 198 | 碎片和纤维 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
江西 | 粮田 | 0~20 | 16. 4~43. 8 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~1 | PE、PP和PES | [ | |
东北区 | 黑龙江 | 粮田 | 0~30 | 0~800 | 薄膜 | 0. 1~5 | PE | [ |
吉林 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~15 | 5 215 ± 839 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PE、PP、PS和PVC | [ | |
辽宁 | 菜田/粮田 | 0~30 | 217~2 512 mg·kg-1 | 碎片、纤维、薄膜和颗粒 | 0~5 | PE、PP和PS | [ |
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