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© 《China Plastics》
© 《China Plastics》
China Plastics ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 193-201.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.09.025
• Review • Previous Articles
LI Zhuolin1(), MU Wenying2, DING Yumei1
Received:
2022-05-16
Online:
2022-09-26
Published:
2022-09-26
CLC Number:
LI Zhuolin, MU Wenying, DING Yumei. Research status and development trend of medical radiation protective clothing[J]. China Plastics, 2022, 36(9): 193-201.
放射检查类型 | 个人防护用品 | 辅助防护设施 |
---|---|---|
隔室透视、摄影 | — | — |
口内牙片摄影 | — | — |
牙科全景体层摄影、口腔CT | — | — |
同室透视、摄影 | 铅橡胶围裙,选配:铅橡胶帽子、颈套、手套、眼镜 | 或铅防护屏风 |
CT扫描(隔室) | — | — |
床旁摄影 | 铅橡胶围裙,选配铅橡胶帽子、颈套 | 或铅防护屏风 |
骨科复位等设备旁操作 | 铅橡胶围裙,选配:铅橡胶帽子、颈套、手套 | 移动铅防护屏风 |
介入放射学操作 | 铅橡胶围裙,铅橡胶帽子、颈套、眼镜,选配:手套 | 铅悬挂防护屏、铅防护吊帘、床侧防护帘、 床侧防护屏选配:移动铅防护屏风 |
放射检查类型 | 个人防护用品 | 辅助防护设施 |
---|---|---|
隔室透视、摄影 | — | — |
口内牙片摄影 | — | — |
牙科全景体层摄影、口腔CT | — | — |
同室透视、摄影 | 铅橡胶围裙,选配:铅橡胶帽子、颈套、手套、眼镜 | 或铅防护屏风 |
CT扫描(隔室) | — | — |
床旁摄影 | 铅橡胶围裙,选配铅橡胶帽子、颈套 | 或铅防护屏风 |
骨科复位等设备旁操作 | 铅橡胶围裙,选配:铅橡胶帽子、颈套、手套 | 移动铅防护屏风 |
介入放射学操作 | 铅橡胶围裙,铅橡胶帽子、颈套、眼镜,选配:手套 | 铅悬挂防护屏、铅防护吊帘、床侧防护帘、 床侧防护屏选配:移动铅防护屏风 |
元素 | 屏蔽材料 | 基材 | 屏蔽性能 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
La | La2O3 | PP | 0.22 mm Pb;120 kVp | [ |
Gd | Gd(MAA)3 | TPU | 0.041 mm Pb;120 kV | [ |
Gd2O3(悬浮液) | — | X射线屏蔽率95 %;50~100 kVp | [ | |
Sm | Sm2O3 | 丁基乳胶 | 0.17 mmPb;120 kV | [ |
TPU | 0.4 mmPb;120 kV | [ |
元素 | 屏蔽材料 | 基材 | 屏蔽性能 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
La | La2O3 | PP | 0.22 mm Pb;120 kVp | [ |
Gd | Gd(MAA)3 | TPU | 0.041 mm Pb;120 kV | [ |
Gd2O3(悬浮液) | — | X射线屏蔽率95 %;50~100 kVp | [ | |
Sm | Sm2O3 | 丁基乳胶 | 0.17 mmPb;120 kV | [ |
TPU | 0.4 mmPb;120 kV | [ |
屏蔽材料 | 基材 | 屏蔽性能 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|
W、Co等多种金属混合 | 橡胶或聚氯乙烯 | 辐射束阻挡率60 %以上;100 kV | [ |
W/Gd2O3 | 聚氨酯树脂 | X射线防护效率60 %以上;60 ~100 keV | [ |
W | 芳纶双层织物 | 屏蔽效率72.21%;120 kVp | [ |
橡胶 | 屏蔽效率99.4 %;6 MeV | [ | |
微纳米非铅金属粉 | 硅橡胶 | 0.25~0.35 mmPb;130 kV | [ |
Bi2O3,BiNaO3,BiN3O9 | 聚氨酯树脂 | 屏蔽效率90 %以上;100 kVp | [ |
Bi2O3、BaSO4 | 聚乙烯树脂 | 0.22 mmPb;100 kVp | [ |
聚氯乙烯 | 0.4 mmPb;100 kVp | [ | |
Bi2O3 | 合成橡胶、TPU树脂 | — | [ |
天然橡胶 | 质量衰减系数7×10-3 m2/kg;662 keVγ | [ | |
三元乙丙橡胶 | 质量衰减系数8.4×10⁃3 m2/kg;662 keV | [ | |
Bi4Ti3O12 | 环氧树脂 | X射线衰减率95 %;100 kVp | [ |
rGO/锰锌铁氧体 | 棉织物 | 最小反射损耗为-51.1 dB;7.05 GHz | [ |
铁 | 硅橡胶 | γ射线屏蔽率25.567 %;60Co豁免源 | [ |
屏蔽材料 | 基材 | 屏蔽性能 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|
W、Co等多种金属混合 | 橡胶或聚氯乙烯 | 辐射束阻挡率60 %以上;100 kV | [ |
W/Gd2O3 | 聚氨酯树脂 | X射线防护效率60 %以上;60 ~100 keV | [ |
W | 芳纶双层织物 | 屏蔽效率72.21%;120 kVp | [ |
橡胶 | 屏蔽效率99.4 %;6 MeV | [ | |
微纳米非铅金属粉 | 硅橡胶 | 0.25~0.35 mmPb;130 kV | [ |
Bi2O3,BiNaO3,BiN3O9 | 聚氨酯树脂 | 屏蔽效率90 %以上;100 kVp | [ |
Bi2O3、BaSO4 | 聚乙烯树脂 | 0.22 mmPb;100 kVp | [ |
聚氯乙烯 | 0.4 mmPb;100 kVp | [ | |
Bi2O3 | 合成橡胶、TPU树脂 | — | [ |
天然橡胶 | 质量衰减系数7×10-3 m2/kg;662 keVγ | [ | |
三元乙丙橡胶 | 质量衰减系数8.4×10⁃3 m2/kg;662 keV | [ | |
Bi4Ti3O12 | 环氧树脂 | X射线衰减率95 %;100 kVp | [ |
rGO/锰锌铁氧体 | 棉织物 | 最小反射损耗为-51.1 dB;7.05 GHz | [ |
铁 | 硅橡胶 | γ射线屏蔽率25.567 %;60Co豁免源 | [ |
屏蔽材料 | 基材 | 屏蔽性能 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|
硼 | 聚乙烯 | 中子屏蔽率65 %以上;0.5 eV, γ射线屏蔽率10 %以上;小于150 keV | [ |
SiC、Si、B4C | EVA层材 | X射线屏蔽率90 %~91%;80keV | [ |
OMMT | 聚酰亚胺 | γ射线屏蔽率10.9 %;0.662 MeV | [ |
聚醚砜包裹多壁碳纳米管 | PEEK泡沫材料 | 特定屏蔽效能17.28 dB·g-1 cm3;12.4 ~18 GHz | [ |
六方氮化硼 | 陶瓷橡胶 | 中子衰减率60.7 % | [ |
聚吡咯 | 府绸 | 电磁屏蔽效能22 dB;2 450 MHz | [ |
屏蔽材料 | 基材 | 屏蔽性能 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|
硼 | 聚乙烯 | 中子屏蔽率65 %以上;0.5 eV, γ射线屏蔽率10 %以上;小于150 keV | [ |
SiC、Si、B4C | EVA层材 | X射线屏蔽率90 %~91%;80keV | [ |
OMMT | 聚酰亚胺 | γ射线屏蔽率10.9 %;0.662 MeV | [ |
聚醚砜包裹多壁碳纳米管 | PEEK泡沫材料 | 特定屏蔽效能17.28 dB·g-1 cm3;12.4 ~18 GHz | [ |
六方氮化硼 | 陶瓷橡胶 | 中子衰减率60.7 % | [ |
聚吡咯 | 府绸 | 电磁屏蔽效能22 dB;2 450 MHz | [ |
类型 | 铅衣 | 非铅金属防辐射服 | 非金属防辐射服 |
---|---|---|---|
优点 | 防辐射性能好,制造工艺成熟,成本低,应用广泛 | 稀土元素防辐射性能较好,质量较铅衣轻,防辐射性能较好 | 质量小,污染小,舒适性好 |
缺点 | 质量大,舒适性差,废弃物有毒性 | 稀土元素分离困难,成本高 | 防辐射性能略逊色,成本高 |
类型 | 铅衣 | 非铅金属防辐射服 | 非金属防辐射服 |
---|---|---|---|
优点 | 防辐射性能好,制造工艺成熟,成本低,应用广泛 | 稀土元素防辐射性能较好,质量较铅衣轻,防辐射性能较好 | 质量小,污染小,舒适性好 |
缺点 | 质量大,舒适性差,废弃物有毒性 | 稀土元素分离困难,成本高 | 防辐射性能略逊色,成本高 |
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