Recycling and reutilization of railway waste polyamide gauge baffles

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2023.01.016

Abstract

Abstract:

The recycled polyamide gauge baffles were employed by using the original polyamide gauge baffles prepared by using glass fibers with a length of 4.5 mm and a diameter of 10 mm as a reinforcement and POE⁃g⁃MAH as an impact modifier at a loading of 10 wt%. The resultant recycled polyamide gauge baffles could meet the requirement of product size and performance indexes together with good size stability. There was no damage in the parts after the test of assembly fatigue performance， and all the assembly performance could meet the requirements. The results indicated that the waste polyamide parts were good renewable resources after collecting， crushing， cleaning， and modification， and they could be reused in the railway field.

Key words: gauge baffle, polyamide, recycling

CLC Number:

TQ320.9

ZHAO Weiwei, ZHANG Yong, LIU Zhi, ZHANG Bin, GAO Jian. Recycling and reutilization of railway waste polyamide gauge baffles[J]. China Plastics, 2023, 37(1): 106-111.

Figures/Tables 10

注塑机温度/℃					热喷嘴温度/℃		热流道板温度/℃			模温机温度/℃
一段	二段	三段	四段	五段	一段	二段	一段	二段	三段	模温机温度/℃
285	280	275	265	260	290	290	285	285	285	70

Tab.1. Injection molding temperature of recycled polyamide gauge baffle

部位

射出速度/

射出压力/

MPa

保压速度/

保压压力/

MPa

保压时间/

Tab.2. Injection molding process of recycled polyamide gauge baffle

Fig.1. DSC curves of recycling materials and new materials

类别

密度/

g·cm^-3

熔点/

℃

拉伸强度/

MPa

弯曲强度/

MPa

无缺口冲击强度/

kJ·m^-2

玻璃纤维含量/

玻璃纤维长度/

μm

熔体流动速率/

g·（10 min）^-1

Tab.3. Comparison of waste polyamide components and new materials

玻璃纤维长度/mm	拉伸强度/MPa	弯曲强度/MPa	无缺口冲击强度/kJ·m^-2	玻璃纤维保留长度最大值/μm	熔体流动速率/ g·（10 min）^-1
3.0	163.2	201.5	79	215	6.87
4.5	177.1	224.6	95	280	5.92
长纤	204.8	247.2	112	2 455	3.23

Tab.4. Comparison of glass fiber regeneration composites of different lengths

玻璃纤维直径/μm

拉伸强度/MPa

弯曲强度/MPa

无缺口冲击强度/

kJ·m^-2

熔体流动速率/

g·（10 min）^-1

Tab.5. Comparison of properties of regeneration composites with glass fibers of different diameter

Fig.2. Effect of tougher agent on the impact and tensile strength of the composite materials

Fig.3. SEM diagrams of composites with different content of tougher agent

类别	拉伸强度/MPa	弯曲强度/MPa	无缺口冲击强度/ kJ·m^-2	熔体流动速率/ g·（10 min）^-1
POE⁃g⁃MAH	190	221.4	89	6.02
EPDM⁃g⁃MAH	186	266.9	94	3.85

Tab.6. Comparison of the effects of two toughers on properties of the composite

项目		TB/T 3395.3—2015要求	新料制备部件	再生聚酰胺部件
型式尺寸	A/mm	67.5±0.5	67.3~67.7	67.2~67.5
	B/mm	45.5±1	44.9~45.7	44.7~45.1
	C/mm	78±0.3	77.71~78.23	77.74~78.16
	D/mm	$115 - 2 0$	113	114
	E/mm	$13 . 50 + 0.5$	13.6~13.9	13.6~13.9
	α/°	$1200 + 1$	119°43′~120°44′	120°~120°52′
	X/mm	≤0.5	合格	合格
	Y/mm	≤0.5	合格	合格
	翘角/mm	≤0.5	合格	合格
排水率/%		≥0.4	0.5	0.6
内部空隙		内部不得有气泡或空隙	内部无气泡和空隙	内部无气泡和空隙
抗压性能/mm		试验后不应损伤，翘起值不应大于0.5	0.1	0.1
绝缘电阻/Ω		>5×10⁶	1×10⁷	3×10⁷
组装疲劳性能	轨距扩大量/mm	≤6	1	2
	钢轨纵向阻力变化率/%	≤20	1	1
	组装扣压力变化率/%	≤20	3	2
	组装静刚度变化率/%	≤25	6	4
	疲劳后零部件状态	部件无损坏	300万次荷载循环后无损坏	300万次荷载循环后无损坏

项目		TB/T 3395.3—2015要求	新料制备部件	再生聚酰胺部件
型式尺寸	A/mm	67.5±0.5	67.3~67.7	67.2~67.5
	B/mm	45.5±1	44.9~45.7	44.7~45.1
	C/mm	78±0.3	77.71~78.23	77.74~78.16
	D/mm	$115 - 2 0$	113	114
	E/mm	$13 . 50 + 0.5$	13.6~13.9	13.6~13.9
	α/°	$1200 + 1$	119°43′~120°44′	120°~120°52′
	X/mm	≤0.5	合格	合格
	Y/mm	≤0.5	合格	合格
	翘角/mm	≤0.5	合格	合格
排水率/%		≥0.4	0.5	0.6
内部空隙		内部不得有气泡或空隙	内部无气泡和空隙	内部无气泡和空隙
抗压性能/mm		试验后不应损伤，翘起值不应大于0.5	0.1	0.1
绝缘电阻/Ω		>5×10⁶	1×10⁷	3×10⁷
组装疲劳性能	轨距扩大量/mm	≤6	1	2
	钢轨纵向阻力变化率/%	≤20	1	1
	组装扣压力变化率/%	≤20	3	2
	组装静刚度变化率/%	≤25	6	4
	疲劳后零部件状态	部件无损坏	300万次荷载循环后无损坏	300万次荷载循环后无损坏

Tab.7. Test results of recycled polyamide components

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