中国塑料 ›› 2009, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (02): 51-53 .DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2009.02.012

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

淀粉基生物降解材料的制备及其力学性能的研究

田 华 ,杨 彪 ,许国志 ,林 毅   

  1. 北京工商大学材料科学与工程系 北京 100048
  • 收稿日期:2008-10-15 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-02-26 发布日期:2009-02-26

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Starch Based Biodegradable Material

Tian Hua, Yang Biao, Xu Guozhi, Lin Yi   

  1. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
  • Received:2008-10-15 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-02-26 Published:2009-02-26
  • Contact: Yang Biao

摘要: 以淀粉、PVA、水、甘油和硼砂为原料制备了淀粉基全降解材料,对其力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,以30份水做增塑剂,加入25份PVA时,材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别从纯淀粉的25.80MPa和1.11%提高到31.78MPa和6.24%,同时应力-应变曲线表明,材料从脆性断裂转变为无屈服点的韧性断裂,说明PVA增韧作用明显;硼砂可以使PVA和淀粉发生交联,制得材料的拉伸强度可达43.37MPa,但材料韧性较差;甘油的加入虽可以使材料的断裂伸长率提高,但拉伸强度明显降低;同时加入硼砂和甘油,材料的强度和韧性同时得到改善,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别提高到36.26MPa和11.71%。

关键词: 玉米淀粉, 聚乙烯醇, 生物降解材料

Abstract: A biodegradable material was prepared by blending corn starch with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), water, and glycol. With 25phr of PVA and 30 phr of water, the tensile behavior underwent a brittle-ductile transition, the tensile strength and elongation at break increased from 25.80MPa and 1.11% for neat corn starch to 31.78MPa and 6.24%. When borax and glycol were added, the tensile strength and elongation at break were further increased to 36.26MPa and 11.71%, respectively.

Key words: corn starch, poly (vinyl alcohol), biodegradable material