中国塑料 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 78-85.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.12.012

• 加工与应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

橡塑合金改性沥青制备工艺关键参数研究

李宁利(), 王猛, 王瑞, 朱壮壮   

  1. 河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津 300401
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-22 出版日期:2022-12-26 发布日期:2022-12-20
  • 作者简介:李宁利(1977.7—),女,副教授,研究方向:绿色环保型沥青材料的研究与开发,ln1808@hebut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    天津市交通运输科技发展计划(2016A?01?02);天津市科技计划项目(18JCTPJC55800)

Study on preparation technology of rubber⁃plastic alloy modified asphalt

LI Ningli(), WANG Meng, WANG Rui, ZHU Zhuangzhuang   

  1. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China
  • Received:2022-08-22 Online:2022-12-26 Published:2022-12-20

摘要:

为了合理、有效地利用废旧橡胶粉和废旧塑料并改善两者与沥青的相容性,采用精密开炼机预先将两种废旧材料熔融共混,制备成橡塑(质量)比分别为5∶5(Ⅰ型)、6∶4(Ⅱ型)、和7∶3(Ⅲ型)3种橡塑合金改性剂。按照正交试验方案对伦特70#基质沥青进行改性,制备橡塑合金改性沥青,以橡塑合金改性沥青的48 h离析软化点、25 ℃针入度、软化点和5 ℃延度为指标,筛选橡塑合金改性沥青的最佳复配方案,并通过灰色关联度分析法和极差分析法确定制备工艺最佳的关键参数。最后通过扫描电子显微镜、布氏旋转黏度试验、BBR试验和DSR试验对橡塑合金改性沥青的结构形态、流变性能、低温抗裂性能和抗疲劳性能进行了分析。结果表明:最佳复配方案为外掺20 %(相较于基质沥青质量)橡塑比为7∶3(Ⅲ型)的橡塑合金、2 %增溶剂(糠醛抽出油)和9 %稳定剂(硫磺),制备的橡塑合金改性沥青储存稳定性和高温稳定性良好,推荐制备工艺的最佳关键参数为剪切温度180 ℃、剪切速率3 500 r/min、剪切时间1.5 h和发育时间0.5 h;橡塑合金改性剂与沥青的相容性好,制备的橡塑合金改性沥青具有较低的温度敏感性,较好的低温抗裂性和抗疲劳性能。

关键词: 道路工程, 制备工艺, 灰色关联度分析法, 极差分析法, 橡塑合金改性沥青, 储存稳定性

Abstract:

To utilize waste rubber powders and waste plastics reasonably and effectively and also improve their compatibility with asphalt, two type of waste materials were melt blended in advance using a precision mixer to prepare three types of rubber/plastic alloy modifiers with mass ratios of rubber to plastic of 5∶5 (Type I), 6∶4 (Type II) and 7∶3 (Type III). According to the orthogonal test scheme for the Trent 70 # asphalt matrix modification, the rubber/plastic alloy⁃modified asphalt was prepared. The optimal formulation was determined through the 48⁃h segregation softening point of the rubber/plastic alloy⁃modified asphalt, penetration at 20 ℃, softening point, and ductility index at 5 ℃. The optimal key preparation technology and processing parameters were determined by means of the grey correlation analysis and extreme⁃difference analysis methods. The results indicated that the optimal blending scheme was determined to use the rubber/plastic alloy with a mass ratio of rubber to plastic of 7∶3 (Type III), 2 wt % solvent increasing (furfural extraction oil), and 9 wt % stabilizer (sulfur). The rubber/plastic alloy⁃modified asphalt exhibited good storage and high temperature stabilities. The optimal key processing parameters were determined to be a shear temperature of 180 ℃, a shear rate of 3 500 r/min, a shear time of 1.5 h, and a development time of 0.5 h. Finally, the structural morphology, rheological properties, low temperature crack resistance, and fatigue resistance of rubber/plastic alloy⁃modified asphalt were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope, Brookfield rotate viscosity tester, BBR tester, and DSR tester. The results indicated that the rubber/plastic alloy modifiers exhibited good compatibility with asphalt, and the prepared rubber/plastic alloy⁃modified asphalt exhibited lower temperature sensitivity, better low⁃temperature crack resistance, and higher fatigue resistance.

Key words: road engineering, preparation technology, grey relational analysis, range analysis, rubber?plastic alloy modified asphalt, storage stability

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