中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 88-94.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.05.014

• 塑料与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物降解法对塑料废物可持续管理的研究进展

杨晴1, 蔡加锋2, 顾卫华1, 彭圣娟1(), 赵静1, 白建峰1   

  1. 1.上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院,上海 201209
    2.德清县环境应急与事故调查中心,湖州 313200
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-04 出版日期:2025-05-26 发布日期:2025-05-22
  • 通讯作者: 彭圣娟(1990—),女,讲师,从事塑料生物降解研究,sjpeng@sspu.edu.cn
    E-mail:sjpeng@sspu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    如获得有关政府部门或社会团体设立的研究基金或课题资助,请列出基金项目名称及编号

Research progress in sustainable management of plastic waste by biodegradation

YANG Qing1, CAI Jiafeng2, GU Weihua1, PENG Shengjuan1(), ZHAO Jing1, BAI Jianfeng1   

  1. 1.College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China
    2.Deqing County Environmental Emergency and Accident Investigation Center,Huzhou 313200,China
  • Received:2024-07-04 Online:2025-05-26 Published:2025-05-22
  • Contact: PENG Shengjuan E-mail:sjpeng@sspu.edu.cn

摘要:

现代工业的发展使得塑料制品的使用量急剧增加,废旧塑料因其高疏水性和化学惰性而难以被自然降解,在“碳达峰、碳中和”背景下,塑料废物可持续管理刻不容缓。生物降解是以环境友好的方式处理塑料废物的最佳方法之一,近年来,广泛的研究工作都集中在具有塑料降解能力的微生物和酶的鉴定上。本文综述了6种常见的塑料以及它们近期的生物降解研究进展,总结了塑料降解的表征方法并探讨了其降解机理。

关键词: 塑料, 微生物降解, 塑料降解酶, 表征方法, 降解机理

Abstract:

The development of modern industry has caused a sharp increase in the use of plastic products. Waste plastics are difficult to degrade naturally due to their high hydrophobicity and chemical inertness. Under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, sustainable management of plastic waste is urgent. Biodegradation is one of the best environmentally friendly methods for treating plastic wastes. Extensive researches have focused on identifying microorganisms and enzymes with plastic degradation capabilities in recent years. In this paper, six common plastics and their recent research progress in biodegradation were reviewed. The characterization methods of plastic degradation were summarized and their degradation mechanisms were discussed.

Key words: plastics, microbial degradation, plastic degrading enzyme, characterization method, mechanism of degradation

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