中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 18-25.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.09.004

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚丙烯腈粉料热处理对其膜结构及性能的影响

刘微1,2(), 裴文宇3, 付中禹1,2()   

  1. 1.长春工业大学化学工程学院,长春 130012
    2.长春工业大学,吉林省碳纤维产业创新中心,长春 130012
    3.通榆县第九中学,吉林 白城 137200
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-20 出版日期:2025-09-26 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 付中禹(1988-),男,副教授,研究方向为高分子膜材料,fuzhongyu@ccut.edu.cn
    E-mail:1044317323@qq.com;fuzhongyu@ccut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘微(2001-),男,硕士,研究方向为高分子膜材料,1044317323@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省碳纤维重大科技专项(YDZJ202203CGZH025);吉林省碳纤维重大科技专项(YDZJ202203CGZH024);吉林省碳纤维重大科技专项(YDZJ202203CGZH027);吉林省碳纤维产业创新中心(2022C002)

Effect of heat treatment of polyacrylonitrile powders on its membrane structure and properties

LIU Wei1,2(), PEI Wenyu3, FU Zhongyu1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Chemical Engineering,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,China
    2.Carbon Fiber Industry Innovation Center of Jilin Province,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,China
    3.No. 9 Middle School of Tongyu,Baicheng 137200,China
  • Received:2024-11-20 Online:2025-09-26 Published:2025-09-22
  • Contact: FU Zhongyu E-mail:1044317323@qq.com;fuzhongyu@ccut.edu.cn

摘要:

在空气/真空环境下对共聚PAN粉料进行热处理,并基于此制备了一系列PAN膜。实验发现,在受控气氛环境中对PAN原料实施热处理可诱导其内部发生分子链交联重组并形成含亚胺结构的亲水性网络结构。通过这种方法,可以减缓PAN铸膜液在水中的相分离速度,得到亲水而致密的PAN膜。使用经空气环境下140 ℃处理2 h的粉末所制备的浓度为9 %(质量分数,下同)的PAN膜展现出最佳的综合性能:水接触角低至47 °,力学性能达到5.591 MPa,同时兼具1 500 L/(m2·h)的高通量及99.4 %的正十六烷截留效率。

关键词: 聚丙烯腈膜, 热处理, 交联, 亚胺酯

Abstract:

In this study, the effects of thermal treatment on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder and its subsequent impact on membrane properties were investigated. PAN powders were heat⁃treated under air/vacuum conditions, enabling the preparation of a series of PAN membranes. The thermal treatment promoted both intramolecular and intermolecular cross⁃linking while facilitating the formation of hydrophilic imide structures. This modification effectively exhibited the phase separation rate of PAN solutions in water, yielding membranes with enhanced hydrophilicity and density. Optimal performance was achieved with membranes prepared from PAN powders treated at 140 °C for 2 h in air. The resulting 9 wt% PAN film presented a water contact angle of 47 ° (4.8 ° reduction) and dry film tensile strength of 5.591 MPa (132 % increase) compared to untreated controls. Furthermore, these membranes demonstrated excellent separation performance, with water flux reaching 1 500 L/(m²·h) and n⁃hexadecane rejection of 99.4 %. These findings highlight the significant potential of thermal pretreatment for improving PAN membrane properties for separation applications.

Key words: polyacrylonitrile membrane, heat treatment, crosslink, iminoester

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