中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 63-67.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.09.010

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

超支化聚酯改性碳纳米管/水性不饱和聚酯复合材料的结构与性能研究

郑世伦1, 周启伟2(), 刘斌1, 梁旭之1, 袁明园2   

  1. 1.贵州省遵义公路管理局,贵州 遵义 563000
    2.招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司,重庆 400000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-18 出版日期:2025-09-26 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 周启伟,zqw041@163.com
    E-mail:zqw041@163.com

Structure and properties of hyperbranched⁃polyester⁃modified carbon nanotubes/waterborne unsaturated polyester composites

ZHENG Shilun1, ZHOU Qiwei2(), LIU Bin1, LIANG Xuzhi1, YUAN Mingyuan2   

  1. 1.Zunyi Highway Management Bureau of Guizhou Province,Zunyi 563000,China
    2.China Merchants Chongqing Transportation Research and Design Institute Co,Ltd,Chongqing 400000,China
  • Received:2024-10-18 Online:2025-09-26 Published:2025-09-22
  • Contact: ZHOU Qiwei E-mail:zqw041@163.com

摘要:

使用不同分子结构的超支化聚酯(HBP H202和HBP H204)对碳纳米管(CNTs)进行表面改性,使用FTIR、XRD和XPS测试证明了接枝反应的成功。将改性前后的CNTs加入水性不饱和聚酯(WUPR),制备了CNTs/WUPR复合材料,对比研究了改性前后CNTs对WUPR的形态、力学性能、动态力学性能、摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,当未改性CNTs加入时,WUPR的力学性能略有提升;当同剂量的CNTs⁃H202或CNTs⁃H204加入时,复合材料的力学性能进一步提升;其中,CNTs⁃H204加入后力学性能提升幅度最大;CNTs在WUPR基体中的分散性较好,而HBP表面改性进一步促进了CNTs的分散均匀性;CNTs的加入显著降低了WUPR的总质量磨损,而CNTs⁃H202和CNTs⁃H204加入后,WUPR的总质量磨损进一步显著下降,说明两种HBP改性CNTs后,对WUPR的摩擦磨损性能都有更好的贡献;当未改性CNTs加入后,复合材料的储能模量和玻璃化转变温度均有轻微提升;当HBP改性CNTs加入后,储能模量和玻璃化转变温度均进一步提升;对比不同的HBP,发现H202具有较小的体积,较短的分子链,其在CNTs上的接枝率更高,CNTs⁃H202表现出与WUPR基体具有更好的相容性、更强的相互作用力和更均匀的分散,因此,对复合材料动态力学性能、摩擦磨损性能和力学性能的提升效果也更好。

关键词: 超支化聚酯, 碳纳米管, 水性不饱和聚酯, 力学性能, 复合材料

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of hyperbranched polyester (HBP H202 and H204) surface modification on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their subsequent impact on waterborne unsaturated polyester (WUPR) composites. Successful grafting was confirmed through FTIR, XRD, and XPS characterization. Comparative analysis indicated that while unmodified CNTs slightly enhanced WUPR's mechanical properties, HBP⁃modified CNTs (CNTs H202 and CNTs H204) demonstrated superior performance. Notably, CNTs H204 showed the most significant mechanical improvement. SEM analysis confirmed better CNT dispersion in WUPR after HBP modification. Friction tests indicated that modified CNTs substantially reduced mass wear compared to both pure WUPR and unmodified CNT composites. DMA test results showed enhanced storage modulus and glass transition temperature, with CNTs H202 exhibiting particularly strong interfacial interactions due to its smaller molecular size and higher grafting density. These findings demonstrated that HBP surface modification effectively improved CNT dispersion and interfacial bonding in WUPR, leading to superior composite performance. This work provides valuable insights for developing high⁃performance WUPR composites and broadening their industrial applications.

Key words: hyperbranched polyester, carbon nanotubes, waterborne unsaturated polyester, mechanical property, composite

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