纤维织物/聚合物复合材料摩擦特性研究进展

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.07.021

中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 141-147.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.07.021

纤维织物/聚合物复合材料摩擦特性研究进展

冯智¹, 王进², 仝哲³^,⁴()

^1.西安工程大学机电工程学院，西安 710048
^2.日照职业技术学院现代汽车系，山东日照 276826
^3.中北大学机械工程学院，太原 030051
^4.中北大学山西省先进制造技术重点实验室，太原 030051

收稿日期:2024-09-27 出版日期:2025-07-26 发布日期:2025-07-22
通讯作者: 仝哲（1986-），讲师，研究方向为摩擦学设计，zhetong@nuc.edu.cn
E-mail:zhetong@nuc.edu.cn

Research progress in tribological properties of fiber fabrics⁃reinforced polymer matrix composites

FENG Zhi¹, WANG Jin², TONG Zhe³^,⁴()

^1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Xi 'an Polytechnic University，Xi'an 710048，China
^2.School of Hyundai Automobile，Rizhao Polytechnic，Rizhao 276826，China
^3.School of Mechanical Engineering，North University of China，Taiyuan 030051，China
^4.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology，Taiyuan 030051，China

Received:2024-09-27 Online:2025-07-26 Published:2025-07-22
Contact: TONG Zhe E-mail:zhetong@nuc.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纤维织物/聚合物复合材料比强度高，结构/性能可设计性强，通过纤维组份与结构设计可实现低润滑与高耐磨特性，在航空、航天以及汽车行业上有巨大的应用前景。本文介绍了纤维织物/聚合物复合材料在摩擦学上的应用与进展。阐述了纤维织物/聚合物复合材料在不同润滑方式下的润滑与抗磨机理，对比分析了不同纤维种类的摩擦特性，并对纤维种类对复合材料润滑、减磨的影响方式与机理进行了讨论。阐述了纤维的结构形式对复合材料摩擦学行为的影响机理与规律。最后从复合材料的接触尺度与摩擦稳定性、界面优化与改性以及导热优化三方面提出了纤维织物/聚合物复合材料摩擦应用要解决的关键技术和问题，为聚合物基复合材料的摩擦应用提供理论参考。

关键词: 纤维织物, 结构, 聚合物基复合材料, 摩擦磨损

Abstract:

Fiber fabric⁃reinforced polymer composites exhibit exceptional specific strength and tunable structural properties， enabling the design of materials with low friction coefficients and high wear resistance through careful fiber architecture and composition optimization. These characteristics make them particularly promising for aerospace and automotive applications. This review systematically reported recent advances in the tribological performance of fiber fabric/polymer composites， analyzing their lubrication and wear mechanisms across different operational conditions. The friction characteristics of various fiber types were compared and their influence on lubrication behavior and wear patterns were elucidated. Furthermore， how fabric structure governs the tribological response of composites was investigated. Finally， three critical research challenges were identified：（1） contact scale dynamics and friction stability，（2） interface optimization and modification， and （3） thermal conductivity enhancement. This work provides fundamental insights to guide the development of high⁃performance tribological polymer composites for demanding engineering applications.

Key words: fiber fabric, architecture, polymer matrix composites, friction and wear

中图分类号:

TQ327.1

冯智, 王进, 仝哲. 纤维织物/聚合物复合材料摩擦特性研究进展[J]. 中国塑料, 2025, 39(7): 141-147.

FENG Zhi, WANG Jin, TONG Zhe. Research progress in tribological properties of fiber fabrics⁃reinforced polymer matrix composites[J]. China Plastics, 2025, 39(7): 141-147.

图/表 7

图1 典型纤维织物/聚合物复合材料结构

Fig.1 Typical fiber fabric/polymer composite structure

图2 纤维织物/聚合物复合材料的润滑原理

Fig.2 Lubrication mechanism of the fiber fabric/polymer composite

图3 纤维织物/聚合物复合材料的摩擦受力分析

Fig.3 Friction force analysis of the fiber fabric/polymer composite

图4 平纹织物结构

Fig.4 Plain weave fabric structure

图5 典型三维纤维织物结构［43］

Fig.5 Typical three⁃dimensional fiber fabric structure

图6 跨尺度纤维构建原理［50］

Fig.6 Construction schematic of the cross⁃scale fiber［50］

图7 CF⁃ TiO2多尺度结构［51］

Fig.7 Multiscale structure of the CF⁃TiO2［51］

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纤维织物/聚合物复合材料摩擦特性研究进展

Research progress in tribological properties of fiber fabrics⁃reinforced polymer matrix composites

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