中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 18-24.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.10.004

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

SC⁃CO2增塑熔喷聚乙烯纤维膜制备工艺及性能研究

侯钦正1(), 刘文龙1, 李长金2, 秦柳3, 丁玉梅1, 李好义1, 杨卫民1(), 霍正元4   

  1. 1.北京化工大学机电工程学院,生物医用材料北京实验室,北京 100029
    2.中国石油化工股份有限公司北京化工研究院,北京 100029
    3.宁波格林美孚新材料科技有限公司,浙江 慈溪 315300
    4.中国国际工程咨询有限公司,北京 100032
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-12 出版日期:2025-10-26 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 杨卫民,教授,主要研究方向为高分子材料先进制造,yangwm@mail.buct.edu.cn
    E-mail:17864215873@163.com;yangwm@mail.buct.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:侯钦正,博士研究生,主要研究方向为高分子材料先进制造,17864215873@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U22B6012);中石化总部项目(223087)

Preparation and properties of supercritical carbon dioxide⁃plasticized melt⁃blown polyethylene fiber film

HOU Qinzheng1(), LIU Wenlong1, LI Changjin2, QIN Liu3, DING Yumei1, LI Haoyi1, YANG Weimin1(), HOU Zhengyuan4   

  1. 1.Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials,College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China
    2.Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry,SINOPEC,Beijing 100029,China
    3.Ningbo Green Mobil New Material Technology Co,LTD,Cixi 315300,Zhejiang,China
    4.China International Engineering Consulting Company Limited,Beijing 100032,China
  • Received:2024-09-12 Online:2025-10-26 Published:2025-10-21
  • Contact: YANG Weimin E-mail:17864215873@163.com;yangwm@mail.buct.edu.cn

摘要:

低密度聚乙烯(PE⁃LD)超细纤维膜制品具有耐腐蚀、疏水、柔韧抗冲击等特点,在医疗、防护、建材等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文通过自制的超临界二氧化碳(SC⁃CO2)浸润装置,研究了SC⁃CO2增塑熔喷的主要工艺参数热风温度、热风流量、计量泵转速对PE⁃LD纤维膜纤维形貌、结晶性能的影响,对影响机理进行了分析,并考察了其过滤与拉伸性能。结果表明,SC⁃CO2浸渍,提高热风温度、热风流量,降低计量泵转速都有利于降低PE⁃LD纤维直径,其平均直径最小可达3.88 μm;SC⁃CO2处理、热风温度增加均有利于结晶度的提高;制备的样品热压后滤效达72.9 %,滤阻仅51.4 Pa;最大拉伸强度为4.5 MPa,断裂伸长率最大可达30 %。本研究提出了PE⁃LD纤维膜的制备新工艺,相关研究成果有望为聚乙烯纤维膜制备工艺的发展提供参考。

关键词: 超临界二氧化碳, 熔喷, 低密度聚乙烯, 纤维膜, 过滤性能, 力学性能

Abstract:

Low⁃density polyethylene (PE⁃LD) microfiber membranes are promising materials for medical, protective, and construction applications due to their corrosion resistance, hydrophobicity, and flexibility. However, conventional manufacturing processes face limitations. This study introduces a novel method for producing PE⁃LD membranes using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC⁃CO₂) as a plasticizing agent in a melt⁃blowing process. We systematically investigated the effects of key process parameters, including SC⁃CO₂ impregnation, hot air temperature, hot air flow rate, and metering pump speed, on the fiber morphology, crystallization behavior, and resulting properties. The results indicated that SC⁃CO₂ treatment, elevated hot air temperature, increased air flow, and reduced pump speed all contributed to a significant reduction in fiber diameter, achieving an average of 3.88 µm. Furthermore, SC⁃CO₂ and higher temperatures enhanced crystallinity. The optimized membrane exhibited excellent performance after hot⁃pressing: a filtration efficiency of 72.9 % with a remarkably low⁃pressure drop of 51.4 Pa, tensile strength of 4.5 MPa, and elongation at break of 30 %. This work establishes the SC⁃CO₂⁃assisted melt⁃blowing process as a highly effective and novel strategy for manufacturing high⁃performance PE⁃LD microfiber membranes with tunable properties.

Key words: supercritical carbon dioxide, melt?blown, low density polyethylene, fibrous membrane, filtering performance, mechanical property

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