聚氨酯嵌缝胶湿热老化性能研究

›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 27-33.

聚氨酯嵌缝胶湿热老化性能研究

苏宇华,李佳容,王振军,边关

长安大学

收稿日期:2023-02-23 修回日期:2023-03-13 出版日期:2023-07-26 发布日期:2023-07-26
基金资助:
陕西省重点研发计划项目;广西交通投资集团有限公司科研项目

Study on hygro-thermal aging performance of two-component polyurethane sealant

Received:2023-02-23 Revised:2023-03-13 Online:2023-07-26 Published:2023-07-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提升高速铁路无砟轨道用聚氨酯（PU）嵌缝胶的耐湿热性能，采用无机碳酸钙（CaCO3）填料改性增强双组分PU嵌缝胶；同时，以力学性能、黏附特性、热稳定性为评价指标，分析湿热老化后PU嵌缝胶的性能变化，结合傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）揭示其老化机理。结果表明，湿热老化会降低PU嵌缝胶的拉伸强度等力学性能，短期老化可提高其断裂伸长率；CaCO3填料可抑制PU嵌缝胶的力学性能、黏附性能以及热稳定性的衰减；微观分析揭示湿热老化造成嵌缝胶部分分子链段的溶胀和断裂，导致PU出现裂纹，造成力学性能下降；CaCO3填料可有效阻止裂纹产生，提高嵌缝胶的耐湿热性能。

关键词: 高铁工程, 聚氨酯, 嵌缝胶, 湿热老化, 力学性能, 黏附

Abstract: To improve the hygro-thermal resistance of polyurethane （PU） sealants for high-speed railway， a two-component PU sealant was prepared by using inorganic CaCO3 as a filler， and its mechanical performance， adhesion property， and thermal stability were examined to investigate the performance changes of the sealant after hygro-thermal aging tests. The corresponding aging mechanism was studied by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that hygro-thermal aging reduced the tensile strength of the PU sealant， and its elongation at break was enhanced at the initiate aging stage. The CaCO3 filler could inhibit the decay of mechanical properties， adhesion properties and thermal stability for the PU sealant. Microscopic analysis indicated that hygro-thermal aging resulted in the swelling and fracture of the chain segments of the PU sealant， leading to cracks in the PU sealant as well as a decrease in mechanical properties. The incorporation of the CaCO3 filler could prevent the cracks in the PU sealant and therefore improve its hygro-thermal resistance.

Key words: high-speed railway construction, polyurethane, sealant, hygro-thermal aging, mechanical property, adhesion

苏宇华李佳容王振军边关. 聚氨酯嵌缝胶湿热老化性能研究[J]. , 2023, 37(7): 27-33.

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