Research progress on HFCs phase⁃out of XPS foam sector in China

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.10.021

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper introduced the industrial background and application fields of XPS foams and discussed the environmental issues stemming from the use of HFCs as blowing agents in the XPS foaming production. Subsequently， the global initiative to phase out HFCs was discussed， and the significance of the Kigali Amendment in controlling and reducing the use of HFCs was particularly analyzed. The current utilization of HFCs in the XPS foam sector was then analyzed， and the alternative technologies that can replace HFCs were evaluated. Finally， a prospective outlook on the gradual elimination of HFCs in the XPS foam sector was presented.

Key words: extruded polystyrene foam, hydrofluorocarbon, Kigali Amendment

CLC Number:

TQ325.2

LI Juan, LI Ying. Research progress on HFCs phase⁃out of XPS foam sector in China[J]. China Plastics, 2024, 38(10): 122-126.

Figures/Tables 7

序号	名称	分子式	分子量	GWP	ODP
1	HFC⁃23	CHF₃	70	14，800	0
2	HFC⁃32	CH₂F₂	52	675	0
3	HFC⁃41	CH₃F	34	92	0
4	HFC⁃125	C₂HF₅	120	3，500	0
5	HFC⁃134	CHF₂CHF₂	102	1，100	0
6	HFC⁃134a	CH₂FCF₃	102	1，430	0
7	HFC⁃143	CH₂FCHF₂	84	353	0
8	HFC⁃143a	CF₃CH₃	84	4，470	0
9	HFC⁃152	CH₂FCH₂F	66	0	53
10	HFC⁃152a	CH₃CHF₂	66	124	0
11	HFC⁃227ea	CF₃CHFCF₃	170	3，220	0
12	HFC⁃236cb	CH₂FCF₂CF₃	152	1，340	0
13	HFC⁃236ea	CHF₂CHFCF₃	152	1，370	0
14	HFC⁃236fa	CF₃CH₂CF₃	152	9，810	0
15	HFC⁃245ca	CH₂FCF₂CHF₂	134	693	0
16	HFC⁃245fa	CHF₂CH₂CF₃	134	1，030	0
17	HFC⁃365mfc	CF₃CH₂CF₂CH₃	148	794	0
18	HFC⁃43⁃10mee	CF₃CFHCFHCF₂CF₃	252	1，640	0

Tab.1. GWP and ODP values for common HFCs

组别	国家（地区）
非第5条国家，较早开始	大多数非第5条国家，泛指经济发达国家
非第5条国家，较晚开始	俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦
第5条国家，第1组	大多数第5条国家（包括中国），泛指经济发展中国家
第5条国家，第2组	巴林、印度、伊朗、伊拉克、科威特、阿曼、巴基斯坦、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯、阿联酋

Tab.2. Four groups for the Kigali Amendment

Fig.1. The phase⁃out schedule for HFCs outlined in the Kigali Amendment

组别	HFCs部分		HCFCs部分
组别	年份	比例	年份	比例
非第5条国家，较早开始	2011-2013	100 %	1989	15 %
非第5条国家，较晚开始	2011-2013	100 %	1989	25 %
第5条国家，第1组	2020-2022	100 %	2009—2010	65 %
第5条国家，第2组	2024-2026	100 %	2009—2010	65 %

Tab.3. HFCs baseline for the Kigali Amendment

名称	分子式	分子量	沸点/℃	25 ℃下的蒸汽压/kPa	气相热导率/mW·（m·K）^-1	体积爆炸极限（空气）/%
HCFC⁃22	CHF₂Cl	86.5	-40.7	1 040	11.2	-
HCFC⁃142b	CH₃CF₂Cl	100.5	-9.1	339	9.4	6.7~14.9
CO₂	CO₂	44	-78.5	6 448	16.5	-
乙醇	C₂H₅OH	46	78.3	7.91	14.4	3.3~19.0
HFC⁃134a	CH₂FCF₃	102	-26.1	597.2	12.0	-
HFC⁃152a	CH₃CHF₂	66	-24.7	601.1	13.6	3.9~16.9

Tab.4. Physical properties for some foaming agents used in XPS foam

名称	分子式	分子量	ODP	GWP	沸点/℃	25 ℃下的蒸汽压/kPa	气相热导率/mW·（m·K）^-1	体积爆炸极限（空气）/%
HFO⁃1234ze	C₃H₂F₄	114	0	6	-19.0	490	13.0	-
DME	CH₃OCH₃	46	0	1	-25	513.3	17	3.3~26.2

Tab.5. Physical properties for HFO⁃1234ze and DME

发泡剂	质量比	密度/ kg·m^-3	压缩强度/kPa	热导率/ mW· $(m · K)$ ^-1	阻燃级别
HFO⁃1234ze/DME	80/20	44.2	380	27	E
	70/30	38.6	276	29	E
	50/50	34	298	30	E
HFC⁃134a/DME	75/25	33.8	257	26	E
HFC⁃134a/DME	50/50	29.8	250	32	E
142b/22	75/25	30	249	28	B1

发泡剂	质量比	密度/ kg·m^-3	压缩强度/kPa	热导率/ mW· $(m · K)$ ^-1	阻燃级别
HFO⁃1234ze/DME	80/20	44.2	380	27	E
	70/30	38.6	276	29	E
	50/50	34	298	30	E
HFC⁃134a/DME	75/25	33.8	257	26	E
HFC⁃134a/DME	50/50	29.8	250	32	E
142b/22	75/25	30	249	28	B1

Tab.6. Physical properties for XPS boards

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