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2011, Volume 25 Issue 11 Publication date: 26 November 2011 Previous Issue Next Issue

Advances in Modification of Three Kinds of Biodegradable Plastics

Qiang HUANG

2011, 25 (11): 1-4 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.001

Abstract ( 1692 )

介绍了生物降解塑料三大主流技术（淀粉基塑料，聚乳酸，聚丁二酸丁二醇酯）的最新研究进展，并对国内生物降解塑料行业前景进行了展望。

Development Progress on the Inhibiting Mechanism of the Fire Smoke Production Behavior and Toxic Species for the Rigid Polyurethane Foams

2011, 25 (11): 5-9 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.002

Abstract ( 1456 )

The inhibiting mechanism of the fire smoke production behavior and toxic species of the addition flame retardant to the rigid polyurethane foams are reviewed. The improvement on the flame retardancy effect and reduction on the emission of smoke and toxic species of rigid polyurethane foams with expandable graphite, nanocomposite or metal oxide are emphatically introduced.

Research progress and review on PVC heat stabilizer

WANG Mei

2011, 25 (11): 10-15 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.003

Abstract ( 1678 )

Summarize thermal degradation and stability mechanisms of PVC, the research progress of Polyvinyl chloride(PVC) heat stabilizers including rare-earth heat stabilizers, organic antimony heat stabilizers, the metal stearate complex heat stabilizers，hydrotalcite heat stabilizers ，organic tin stabilizers, lead-based heat stabilizers，auxiliary heat stabilizers and epoxidized heat stabilizers are intrduced. The development trend and prospect of this field was also discussed in the paper.

Processing Rheological and Mechanical Properties of ABS Toughening PC/CF Composites

2011, 25 (11): 16-21 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.004

Abstract ( 1534 )

In this paper, based on melting experiments of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer-toughening carbon fiber/polycarbonate composite materials in micro twin-screw extruder, the rheological behavior of PC/CF/ABS blends was studied during melting process, the effects of CFs content and ABS content on mechanical properties of PC/CF/ABS blends and the mechanism of variable viscosity and mechanical properties were studied, the mechanism of the change of viscosity and the mechanical properties were also discussed. The results showed that when CF content was 2%, the minimum of non-Newtonian value was obtained, meanwhile, the mechanical properties and processing properties of composite were outstanding. Above all, when CF content was 2%, ABS content was between 30% ~ 35%, the mechanical properties and good processing properties of the PC/CF/ABS composites were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed: the tensile failure of composites was mainly interface degumming, and the impact failure of composites was mainly fiber breakage. Compared with PC/CF composites, the ratio of tough fracture of PC/CF/ABS composites increase, it shows that the mechanical properties of composites improved.

Effect of Ionomer Surlyn on the Properties of PET/PA66 Blends

2011, 25 (11): 22-26 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.005

Abstract ( 1597 )

Abstract：The effect of Ionomer surlyn on the morphology and crystalline properties was studied by FTIR and DSC.Rheological properties,mechanical properties and heat performance was studied by low rate rheology testing , mechanical peoperties testing and thermal deformation temperature testing .The results show that the compatibility is improved by adding ionomer surlyn which increase the interface bonding strength and molecular chain entanglement.the highest compatibilization efficiency was obtained when the content of surlyn was 10%.

Crystallization Behavior of High Melt Strength Polypropylene/Block Polypropylene Blends

Qiang HUANG

2011, 25 (11): 27-33 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.006

Abstract ( 1460 )

塑料

Study on the rheology behavior of O-POSS/Polypropylene

GAO Jun-Gang Wentao Hu

2011, 25 (11): 34-38 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.007

Abstract ( 1647 )

Abstract: Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (O-POSS) with n-octyl was synthesized in this paper. The O-POSS/iPP nanocomposite was prepared. The rheology, crystallization behavior and mechanical properties were investigated. The results show that O-POSS can obviously improve the rheology behavior of iPP and the O-POSS/iPP nanocomposite is pseudoplastic fluid. The O-POSS can increase crystalline degree and melting point of iPP. When the amount of O-POSS is between 4% and 6%, composite has the best mechanical properties.

The Study of Polylactic Acid（PLA）Toughened by POE

2011, 25 (11): 39-42 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.008

Abstract ( 1217 )

Abstract: The POE/PLA blends, prepared by the melting method, which were investigated on structure, melting and mechanical properties of blends by XRD and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tensile testing machine in detail. The results from XRD showed that POE promote crystallization of PLA and induced a new crystal structure; as POE loading increased, the cold crystallization appeared in the PLA/POE blends, but the melting point of PLA did not change and melting area lessened little by little; the results of tensile test proved that POE could efficiently improve brittleness of PLA, however, tensile strength for blends decreased.

The effects of rare earth β nucleating agent on the mechanical properties of PPR/EOC blends

2011, 25 (11): 43-49 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.009

Abstract ( 1368 )

The effects of rare earth β nuleating agent (β-NA) on the mechanical properties of propylene/ethylene random copolymer (PPR) blends with ethylene-octene copolymer were investigated. Machanical tests suggested that EOC and β-NA improved the impact strength of PPR, and made the brittle-ductile transition temperature (Tbd) of the modified PPR systems move to the lower temprature. In PPR/EOC/β-NA systems, it was obviously to find that β-NA and EOC had synergistic effect on the toughing the blends. The results of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) showed that, EOC played a role in the heterogeneous nucleation, and increased the crystallization temperature. On the other hand, there was a transformation of β-PP to α-PP during the impact process for β-NA nucleated samples, and the presence of the EOC prevented such a process, which most likely results in the great improvement of fracture toughness of PPR/EOC/β-NA.

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Aromatic Polyamides containing 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethyl

2011, 25 (11): 50-55 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.010

Abstract ( 1201 )

Abstract: A high purity diamine monomer, 3,3’5,5’-tetramethyl-4,4’-diaminodiphenyl -butyltoluene (BADP), was synthesize via one step from 2,6-dimethylaniline and benzaldehyde. The obtained diamine was subsequently employed to prepare a series of polyamides with three aromatic dicarboxylic acids by means of the Yamazaki phosphorylation polycondensation technique. The inherent viscosity of the resulting polyamides were in range of 0.57~0.84dL/g, and they exhibited an excellent solubility and optical property. They were readily soluble not only in some strong polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide, but also had a good solubility in some low-boiling-point solvents such as chloroform. The maximum dissolvability of them even exceeded more than 10 wt% in these solvents. The polyamide film showed high optical transparency and colorless, with a UV-Vis absorption edge between 312 nm and 345 nm. Furthermore, the polyamide also showed good thermal and mechanical properties. The temperature of 10% weight loss in air or nitrogen were higher than 380℃ and 408℃ respectively, and their glass-transition temperature (Tg) were higher than 338 ℃. The polyamide films had strengths at break at 64~81 MPa, elongations to break of 8.0%～9.2%, and initial moduli at 1.4~2.0 GPa.

The Synthesis of Styrene-Sodium Methacrylate Ionomer and Crystallization Behavior of PET/Styrene-Sodium Methacrylate Ionomer Composites

2011, 25 (11): 56-60 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.011

Abstract ( 1269 )

Styrene-Sodium Methacrylate(SMA-Na) was synthesized by solution technique.The effect of ionomer on crystallization and melting behaviors of polyethylene terephthalate(PET) was investigated.The results show that with the addition of 1wt% SMA-Na ,the the Tmc of PET increased 17.9℃, and the Tcc decreased 17.3℃,accelerating the crystallization rate of PET both at high temperature region and low temperature region. The spherulites of PET/ SMA-Na Composites was more perfect than neat PET.

Analysis for microstructure of micro columns arrays on micro-injection molding by three-dimensial numerical simulation

Qian LI Na ZHAO

2011, 25 (11): 61-65 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.012

Abstract ( 1257 )

Micro injection molding is the most key technology in MEMS/NEMS industry for the necessary of scale. PP (polypropylene) microstructures of micro columns were investigated with a control volume scheme with a fixed finite element mesh to predict melt front advancement in micro injection molding process. The result show that the 3D numerical simulation can simulate very well for flow situation on micro-injection molding of microstructure. The melt front firstly slips across the thickness direction of columns array, and then fills into the microstructure. Fountain shape of flow front is set up when passes through the micro column.

Research and Preparation of Halogen-free Flame Retardant Polypropylene

2011, 25 (11): 66-69 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.013

Abstract ( 1101 )

Discussing the mould shrinkage influence of different fillings, different content and POE, PE modified materials and nucleating agent, the results show that significant improvement compared with both filler composite shrinkage, in which glass fiber the most remarkable improvement, with the filler and shrinkage increase the amount of fill decreases, adding nucleating agents also can improve the mould shrinkage.

The Effect of Processing Temperature on the Structure and Properties of PA6/CaCl₂ Composites

GAN Hua-Hua Min HE

2011, 25 (11): 70-73 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.015

Abstract ( 1246 )

The research focused on the effect of processing temperature on the crystallization process and the properties of the PA6/CaCl2 composites which were prepared through melting extrusion. The results showed that, with the increasing of the processing temperature, the deeper the complex degree of the PA6 and CaCl2 was, the smaller the crystallinity of the PA6/CaCl2 composites was, the more the crystal degree was imperfect; the higher the viscosity of the PA6/CaCl2 composites was, the smaller the melt index was. With the increasing of the processing temperature, the tensile strength of the PA6/CaCl2 composites was increased firstly and then decreased, and finally nearly becomed constant. The Izod impact strength and bending strength with an overall increasing trend when the processing temperature was increased.

Study on Toughing Effects of Compatilizer on PP/PE-UHMW Blends

2011, 25 (11): 74-79 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.016

Abstract ( 1231 )

Into blends of polypropylene (PP) and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (PE-UHMW) different compatibilizers (PP-g-MAH, PE-LLD, ABS) were introduced, the resulted mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated. It was found that ABS constituted the best compatibilizer for this system. SEM and polarization microscope showed that ABS could reduce the size of spherulites in the blends, and increased the impact strength of to 113.31 J/m. The introduction of ABS decreased the elongation at break of the blends, but did not affect the tensile strength.

Study on Controlled Synthesis of Zinc Hydroxystannate-coated Calcium Carbonate via Mixed Template and Its Flame Retarded PVC

2011, 25 (11): 80-85 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.017

Abstract ( 1135 )

Using sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as a template in the mixed solution of glycol and water, zinc hydroxystannate-coated calcium carbonate (ZHSCC-1) was prepared. Zinc hydroxystannate-coated calcium carbonate (ZHSCC-2) was prepared in an aqueous solution without SDBS/glycol for comparison. Both ZHSCC-1 and ZHSCC-2 were studied as the flame retardant of PVC. XRD, SEM, and TG-DSC showed that zinc stannate was coated on CaCO3 surface and the product was thin hexagonal pieces with the size about 5 μm. At the same loading, not only the flame retardant and smoke suppressant effects, but also the tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength of ZHSCC-1-based PVC were better than those of ZHSCC-2-based system.

Study on Flame Retardancy and Curing Properties of 2-methy-2,5-dioxo-1,2-oxaphospholane in Epoxy Resin

2011, 25 (11): 86-89 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.018

Abstract ( 1246 )

A reagent 2-methy-2,5-dioxo-1,2-oxaphospholane (OP) was introduced into epoxy resin/DDM system as both a flame retardant and a curing agent, for it containing phosphorus atoms and anhydride groups. It was found that OP played a good flame retardant effect on the epoxy resin/DDM system. In the neat epoxy resin, the limiting oxygen index reached 24.2 % and UL94 grade reached V-0 level. When the mole ratio of epoxy and acid anhydride groups was 1:1, the curing process could be completed in 6h at 160 ℃.

Automatic Determination of Melt Flow Rate for PS and ABS

LIN Hong-Xiong Qinhong Bei Huihong Zhu Jinfeng Huang Bei yang Gufeng Chen

2011, 25 (11): 90-93 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.019

Abstract ( 1241 )

The test method of automatically timed melt flow rate measurement for ABS and PS was studied,using the melt density data determined by manual method and automatically timed method.Results showed that the precise melt flow rate could be obtaimed easier by the automatic determination of melt flow rate.Compared with the manual method, the error of the result was less than 2%.

Response on Drive System of Plastic Injection Molding Machine for Different Joint Ways

2011, 25 (11): 94-97 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.020

Abstract ( 1456 )

The system response was determined by the joint way between servo motor and variable pump. In order to achieve a compromise among high speed, high precision, and low noise, a new joint way of the motor and variable pump was proposed. Dual-mass and three-mass systems were analyzed by theory of torsion vibration system. The torsion vibration characteristic was simulated and the experiment was carried out. It was found that the dual mass system has better response.

Extrusion Technology of Profile With Cooling in Core

2011, 25 (11): 98-100 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.021

Abstract ( 1046 )

This paper introduced the extrusion technology of profile with cooling in mandrel. The theory and advantages of extrusion by cooling in mandrel and the technical realization were discussed. The key point to be controlled on production chains was introduced. It was showed that this mold process could increase the cooling efficiency and molding effect, and increase the production rate and product quality of the profile.

Design of Core-pulling Mechanism with Angular Slide Pole Based on Injection Mold

2011, 25 (11): 101-103 ; DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2011.11.022

Abstract ( 1105 )

Taking the injection mold of a large diameter plastic cap as an example, based on the analysis of the structural characteristics and application requirement of the plastic part, the side core-pulling mechanism with angular slide pole was introduced. The mold structure, work processes, angular slide pole design, and distance calculation of the core-pulling mechanism were illustrated. Production practices proved that the injection mold was reasonable in structure, reliable for operation, flexible of the core-pulling mechanism movement, excellent in quality of the molded part, and suitable for high-volume automated production. A new idea for the injection mold design of similar plastic parts was given.