中国塑料 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 44-49.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.12.007

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

环氧树脂/棕榈酰氯改性玉米秸秆复合材料力学性能研究

姜思雨1(), 娄春华1,2(), 周永丽3   

  1. 1.齐齐哈尔大学化学与化学工程学院,齐齐哈尔 161006
    2.齐齐哈尔大学黑龙江省高分子复合材料重点实验室,齐齐哈尔 161006
    3.淄博鲁瑞精细化工有限公司,山东 淄博 255000
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-07 出版日期:2022-12-26 发布日期:2022-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 娄春华(1972—),教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为高分子材料合成与改性,胶黏剂,chunhualou@163.com
    E-mail:2368236444@qq.com;chunhualou@163.com
  • 作者简介:姜思雨(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为高分子材料合成与改性,胶黏剂,2368236444@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    玉米秸杆-聚合物复合限高架材料的研制,黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(植物性食品加工技术特色学科专项)(YSTSXK201861);玉米秸杆-聚合物复合材料的制备及其相容性研究,黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(135309437)

Modification and applications of renewable biomass materials

JIANG Siyu1(), LOU Chunhua1,2(), ZHOU Yongli3   

  1. 1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China
    2.Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Polymer?Based Composites,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China
    3.Zibo Luray Fine Chemical Co,Ltd,Zibo 255000,China
  • Received:2022-10-07 Online:2022-12-26 Published:2022-12-20
  • Contact: LOU Chunhua E-mail:2368236444@qq.com;chunhualou@163.com

摘要:

以棕榈酰氯改性的玉米秸秆作为填料,将环氧树脂(EP)作为基体树脂,制备环氧树脂/改性玉米秸秆生物质复合材料。利用红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱对改性前后的秸秆进行结构表征,采用电子万能试验机对复合材料进行力学性能分析,利用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的微观形貌进行分析。结果表明,红外谱图中在1 754 cm-1处有新的C=O特征伸缩振动峰出现;X射线光电子能谱图中C1(C=C、C—C)、C2(C—O)含量分别从47.85 %和40.24 %下降到41.30 %和30.64 %,C3(C=O)、C4(C—O—C)含量分别从9.12 %和2.79 %增加到20.56 %和7.20 %,说明改性后玉米秸秆疏水性增强,与EP的相容性得到改善;随着玉米秸秆含量的增加,EP复合材料的拉伸性能与纯EP比增加了100.3 %和157.77 %;弯曲强度呈现出先增加后下降的趋势;未改性秸秆添加量达到10 %时,冲击强度最大比纯EP提高了16.8 %,而改性后秸秆的含量达到15 %时,比纯EP提高了70.53 %。

关键词: 改性玉米秸秆, 棕榈酰氯, 环氧树脂, 生物质材料, 力学性能

Abstract:

To reduce environmental pollution and improve the utilization rate of corn straw, the modified corn straw/epoxy resin biomass composites were prepared by using palm acyl chloride⁃modified corn straw as a filler and epoxy resin (EP) as a matrix resin. FTIR and XPS were used to characterize the structure of the straw before and after modification, the electronic universal testing machine was used to analyze the mechanical properties of the composites, and the SEM was used to analyze the micro morphology of the composites. The results show that there is a new C=O characteristic stretching vibration peak at 1 754 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum; In XPS energy spectrum, the contents of C1 (C=C, C—C) and C2 (C—O) decreased from 47.85 % and 40.24 % to 41.30 % and 30.64 %, respectively, and the contents of C3 (C=O) and C4 (C—O—C) increased from 9.12 % and 2.79 % to 20.56 % and 7.20 %, respectively. This indicates that the hydrophobicity of modified corn straw was enhanced and its compatibility with epoxy resin was improved. According to the analysis of mechanical properties, the tensile properties of epoxy resin composites increased by 100.3 % and 157.77 % compared with pure epoxy resin. Their bending strength increased at first and then tended to decrease. Compared to pure epoxy resin, the composites presented a maximum increase in impact strength by 16.8 % and 70.53 % when 10 wt % unmodified straw and 15 wt % modified straw were incorporated, respectively.

Key words: corn straw, palmitoyl chloride, epoxy resin, biomass material, mechanical property

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