制造氢气瓶内胆的电加热滚塑工艺参数的优化研究

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.01.011

中国塑料 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 79-85.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.01.011

制造氢气瓶内胆的电加热滚塑工艺参数的优化研究

刘学军()

北京工商大学计算机与人工智能学院，北京 100048

收稿日期:2023-05-15 出版日期:2024-01-26 发布日期:2024-01-22
通讯作者: 刘学军（1968—），男，副教授，从事工程中流动与传热方面的研究，liuxj@th.btbu.edu.cn
E-mail:liuxj@th.btbu.edu.cn

Optimal study on parameters of rotational molding process heated electrically for making liner of hydrogen cylinder

LIU Xuejun()

School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence，Beijing Technology and Business University，Beijing 100048，China

Received:2023-05-15 Online:2024-01-26 Published:2024-01-22
Contact: LIU Xuejun E-mail:liuxj@th.btbu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在static bed模型的基础上为在PID控制模式下制造氢气瓶内胆的电加热滚塑工艺建立了一个传热模型，并通过FLUENT软件来仿真计算模具表面温度和模内温度以及加热时间和加热电能。这些仿真值与实测值都吻合得较好，从而验证了本文传热模型的准确性。然后应用该传热模型计算了在16种情形下停止加热时的模内温度以及加热时间和加热电能，并通过灰色关联度方法分析了PID模式的触发温度和初始加热功率的百分比对加热时间和加热电能的影响程度。结果表明，停止加热时的模内温度随初始加热功率的百分比变化较小，但随PID模式触发温度的升高而降低。加热时间和加热电能都是随着PID模式的触发温度的升高而减少。最优化的工艺参数是PID模式的触发温度取250 ℃且初始加热功率的百分比取90 %。另外，PID模式的触发温度对加热时间和加热电能的影响程度都要大于初始加热功率的百分比对它们的影响程度。

关键词: 电加热, 滚塑工艺, 传热模型, 氢气瓶内胆, FLUENT仿真, 灰色关联度分析

Abstract:

On basis of the static bed model， a heat transfer model was established for the rotational molding process heated electrically by a control mode of PID to make the liner of a hydrogen cylinder. The temperatures at the mold surface and inside mold， heating time， and electrical energy were simulated by means of the FLUENT software. These simulated results were in good agreement with the experimental results， indicated that the heat transfer model established in this study was validated. The heat transfer model was then applied to calculate the temperature inside the mold when the heating was stopped， heating time， and electrical energy in 16 cases. A grey relational analysis was conducted to investigate the trigger temperature of the PID mode and the percentage of initial heating power affecting heating time and electrical energy. The results indicated that temperature inside mold after stopping the heating varied with the percentage of initial heating power slightly， and however， it decreased with an increase in the trigger temperature. Both heating time and electrical energy decreased as the trigger temperature increased. The optimal process parameters were determined to be a trigger temperature of 250 ℃ and an initial heating power percentage of 90 %. In addition， the affecting extent of trigger temperature on heating time and electrical energy was larger than that of the percentage of initial heating power.

Key words: electrical heating, rotational molding process, heat transfer model, liner of hydrogen cylinder, FLUENT simulation, grey relational analysis

中图分类号:

TQ320.66

刘学军. 制造氢气瓶内胆的电加热滚塑工艺参数的优化研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2024, 38(1): 79-85.

LIU Xuejun. Optimal study on parameters of rotational molding process heated electrically for making liner of hydrogen cylinder[J]. China Plastics, 2024, 38(1): 79-85.

图/表 14

图1 电加热滚塑工艺的static bed模型

Fig.1 Static bed model of rotational molding process heated electrically

图2 氢气瓶内胆的剖面形状和尺寸

Fig.2 Cross section and dimension of liner of hydrogen cylinder

图3 模具外表面和模内的仿真温度与实测温度的比较

Fig.3 Comparison of simulated temperatures with tested temperature at outer surface of and inside mold

图4 在对实验情形的仿真中加热功率的百分比随时间的变化

Fig.4 Variation of percentage of heating power with time in simulation for experimental case

项目	加热时间/s	加热电能/kW•h	模内最高温度/℃
实测值	1074	1.563	206.3
仿真值	1112	1.599	194.7
相对误差/%	3.5	2.3	5.6

表1 加热时间、加热电能、模内最高温度的实测值和仿真值及其相对误差

Tab.1 Tested and simulated values of heating time， and electrical energy and highest temperature inside mold and relative errors between them

图5 停止加热时的模内温度随初始加热功率的百分比的变化

Fig.5 Variation of temperature inside mold while heating being stopped with percentage of initial heating power

图6 加热时间随PID模式的触发温度的变化

Fig.6 Variation of heating time with trigger temperature of PID mode

图7 加热时间随初始加热功率的百分比的变化

Fig.7 Variation of heating time with percentage of initial heating power

图8 加热电能随PID模式的触发温度的变化

Fig.8 Variation of heating electrical energy with trigger temperature of PID mode

图9 加热电能随初始加热功率的百分比的变化

Fig.9 Variation of heating electrical energy with percentage of initial heating power

实验次序	PID模式的触发温度/℃	初始加热功率的百分比/%	加热时间/ s	加热电能/ kW•h
1	220	70	1 394	1.841
2	230	70	1 238	1.754
3	240	70	1 133	1.700
4	250	70	1 052	1.659
5	220	80	1 376	1.851
6	230	80	1 187	1.741
7	240	80	1 054	1.676
8	250	80	974	1.637
9	220	90	1 307	1.822
10	230	90	1 139	1.730
11	240	90	1 014	1.667
12	250	90	925	1.625
13	220	100	1 329	1.890
14	230	100	1 155	1.796
15	240	100	1 027	1.733
16	250	100	930	1.686

表2 16种仿真情形的条件和计算结果

Tab.2 Conditions and computational results in 16 simulated cases

实验次序	信噪比		无量纲的信噪比		灰色关联度
实验次序	X	Y	X	Y	X	Y
1	-62.885	-5.301	0.000	0.174	0.333	0.377
2	-61.854	-4.881	0.289	0.494	0.413	0.497
3	-61.085	-4.609	0.506	0.701	0.503	0.626
4	-60.440	-4.397	0.686	0.863	0.615	0.785
5	-62.772	-5.348	0.032	0.138	0.341	0.367
6	-61.489	-4.816	0.392	0.544	0.451	0.523
7	-60.457	-4.486	0.682	0.795	0.611	0.710
8	-59.771	-4.281	0.874	0.951	0.799	0.911
9	-62.326	-5.211	0.157	0.243	0.372	0.398
10	-61.131	-4.761	0.493	0.586	0.496	0.547
11	-60.121	-4.437	0.776	0.832	0.691	0.749
12	-59.323	-4.217	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
13	-62.471	-5.529	0.116	0.000	0.361	0.333
14	-61.252	-5.084	0.459	0.340	0.480	0.431
15	-60.231	-4.774	0.745	0.576	0.662	0.541
16	-59.370	-4.537	0.987	0.756	0.974	0.672

表3 信噪比、无量纲的信噪比和灰色关联度的计算结果

Tab.3 Computational results of SNR， dimensionless SNR and grey relational grade

水平	PID模式的触发温度	初始加热功率的百分比
1	0.352	0.466
2	0.460	0.551
3	0.617	0.640
4	0.847	0.619
极差	0.495	0.174
排序	1	2

表4 关于加热时间的灰色关联度的极差分析

Tab.4 Range analysis of grey relational grade for heating time

水平	PID模式的触发温度	初始加热功率的百分比
1	0.369	0.571
2	0.500	0.628
3	0.657	0.674
4	0.842	0.494
极差	0.473	0.180
排序	1	2

表5 关于加热电能的灰色关联度的极差分析

Tab.5 Range analysis of grey relational grade for heating electrical energy

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制造氢气瓶内胆的电加热滚塑工艺参数的优化研究

Optimal study on parameters of rotational molding process heated electrically for making liner of hydrogen cylinder

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