中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 30-35.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.05.005

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

POE⁃g⁃MAH调控聚丙烯/玄武岩纤维复合材料发泡质量及韧性研究

朱能贵, 蒋团辉, 李胜男, 沈超(), 曾祥补, 秦舒浩, 龚维   

  1. 国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心,贵阳 550022
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-14 出版日期:2025-05-26 发布日期:2025-05-22
  • 通讯作者: 沈超(1989—),男,工程师,从事聚合物材料结构与性能研究,990914514@qq.com
    E-mail:990914514@qq.com

Study on foaming quality and toughness of polypropylene/basalt fiber composites controlled with POE⁃g⁃MAH

ZHU Nenggui, JIANG Tuanhui, LI Shengnan, SHEN Chao(), ZENG Xiangbu, QIN Shuhao, GONG Wei   

  1. National Engineering Technology Research Center for Composite Modified Polymer Materials,Guiyang 550022,China
  • Received:2024-06-14 Online:2025-05-26 Published:2025-05-22
  • Contact: SHEN Chao E-mail:990914514@qq.com

摘要:

普通聚丙烯(PP)/玄武岩纤维(BF)发泡复合材料由于发泡质量及韧性较差使其应用在一定程度上受到限制。为此,本文使用相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃弹性体(POE⁃g⁃MAH)对PP/BF复合材料进行改性,然后采用化学发泡二次开模工艺制备不同POE⁃g⁃MAH含量的PP/BF发泡复合材料,通过流变测试、形貌分析及力学性能测试等对POE⁃g⁃MAH调控PP/BF复合材料的发泡质量及韧性进行了研究。结果发现,添加POE⁃g⁃MAH改性后,随着其含量增加,BF和PP的相容性变好,泡孔形态显著改善,尺寸减小,密度增加。当添加6 %(质量分数,下同)POE⁃g⁃MAH时,PP/BF复合材料发泡的泡孔尺寸为64.58 μ m, 泡孔密度为1.2×106 个/cm3,与其他含量相比时发泡质量最好。此外,POE⁃g⁃MAH的加入还增强了PP/BF发泡复合材料的韧性,缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率均随POE⁃g⁃MAH含量的增加而提高,POE⁃g⁃MAH含量为6 %时,PP/BF发泡复合材料的缺口冲击强度最大,为4.33 kJ/cm2,增幅达到84.25 %。

关键词: 马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃弹性体, 聚丙烯, 发泡质量, 韧性

Abstract:

There are some limitations in the application of ordinary polypropylene (PP)/basalt fiber (BF) foamed composites due to their poor foaming quality and toughness. In this study, maleic anhydride⁃grafted polyolefin elastomer (POE⁃g⁃MAH) was used as a compatibilizer to modify PP/BF composites, and the PP/BF foam composites were prepared at different contents of POE⁃g⁃MAH through a chemical foaming secondary mold opening process. The foaming quality and toughness of PP/BF composites controlled by POE⁃g⁃MAH were investigated by rheological, morphological, and mechanical measurements. The results indicated that the addition of POE⁃g⁃MAH improved the foam quality of the PP/BF foam composites. The composites exhibited optimal performance together with the best foam quality at a POE⁃g⁃MAH content of 6 wt%, and their foam cell size and density was 64.58 μm and 1.2×106 cells/cm3, respectively. Furthermore, the toughness of the PP/BF foamed composites was enhanced with an increase in the content of POE⁃g⁃MAH, demonstrating improved notch impact strength and fracture elongation. Specifically, the composite containing 6 wt% POE⁃g⁃MAH showed notch impact strength of 4.33 kJ/cm2, which increased by 84.25 % compared to the composite without POE⁃g⁃MAH.

Key words: maleic anhydride?grafted polyolefin elastomer, polypropylene, foam quality, toughness

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