中国塑料 ›› 2013, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12): 84-88 .DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2013.12.016

• 助剂 • 上一篇    下一篇

膨胀型阻燃剂和纳米黏土在聚丙烯树脂中协同作用的研究

陈雅君 姚旭 毛小军 杨春壮 许国志   

  1. 北京工商大学 北京工商大学材料与机械工程学院
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-02 修回日期:2013-07-09 出版日期:2013-08-26 发布日期:2013-08-26

Synergism Between Intumescent Flame Retardant and Organic Montmorillonite in Polypropylene

  

  • Received:2013-05-02 Revised:2013-07-09 Online:2013-08-26 Published:2013-08-26

摘要: 用熔融共混的方法制备了膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)的含量为20%、25%和30%的聚丙烯(PP)/IFR阻燃复合材料,以及IFR/纳米黏土(OMMT)含量为18.5%/1.5%、23.5%/1.5%、28.5%/1.5%的PP/IFR/OMMT纳米阻燃复合材料。研究了IFR和OMMT在PP基体中的协同阻燃作用以及对材料力学性能的影响,并探讨了协同阻燃机理。阻燃性能测试结果表明,PP/IFR/OMMT纳米阻燃复合材料比PP/IFR阻燃复合材料具有更高的极限氧指数和更低的热释放速率峰值,且当IFR的添加量为18.5%时(IFR/OMMT=18.5%/1.5%),材料就能够通过垂直燃烧UL 94 V-0级别,而单独添加20 %IFR的材料为无级别;对燃烧后的残炭进行分析,发现OMMT能在膨胀发泡过程中对泡孔起到支撑作用,使泡孔不易被气体冲破,从而使材料表现出更好的阻燃性能;IFR和OMMT复配使用时,材料的冲击强度也比单独添加IFR时有所提高;虽然材料的拉伸强度有所下降,但仍保持在28 MPa左右,可以满足大部分使用要求。

关键词: 聚丙烯, 膨胀型阻燃剂, 纳米黏土, 阻燃性能, 力学性能

Abstract: Polypropylene (PP)/intumescent flame retardant (IFR) composites and PP/IFR/organic montmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending method. Synergistic effect between IFR and OMMT on flame retardant properties in PP matrix and the mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The synergistic flame retardant mechanism was explored. It was observed that PP/IFR/OMMT nanocomposites had a higher oxygen index and a lower peak heat release rate than PP/IFR composites. Especially, the material reached UL 94 V-0 level when 18.5% of IFR and 1.5% OMMT were introduced, while material without OMMT was zero level. SEM micrograph of char residue after combustion showed that OMMT played a reinforcing on the cell, so that the PP/IFR/OMMT nanocomposites exhibited better flame retardant performance than PP/IFR composites. The impact strength of PP/IFR/OMMT nanocomposites was improved, however, the tensile strength was declined based on PP/IFR composites.

Key words: polypropylene, intumescent flame retardant, organic montmorillonite, flame retardant property, mechanical property