膨胀石墨/黑磷阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备及性能研究

›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 21-30.

膨胀石墨/黑磷阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备及性能研究

李凯¹,曹宁¹,蒋岳航¹,李建华²,崔雪梅³,连慧琴¹,汪晓东⁴,崔秀国¹

1. 北京石油化工学院新材料与化工学院，特种弹性体国家重点实验室
2. 开滦煤化工研发中心
3. 山东玥能新材料科技有限公司
4. 北京化工大学有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室

收稿日期:2023-04-04 修回日期:2023-04-04 出版日期:2023-06-26 发布日期:2023-06-26
基金资助:
磷烯/导电聚合物复合电极材料的可控制备及其超电性能研究

Preparation and performance of rigid polyurethane foam modified with black phosphorus/expanded graphite complex flame retardants

Received:2023-04-04 Revised:2023-04-04 Online:2023-06-26 Published:2023-06-26
Supported by:
Controllable preparation of phosphorene/conductive polymer composite electrode materials and their superelectric properties

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯为原料，二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂，去离子水为发泡剂，采用一步法制备了硬质聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）。分别采用黑磷、膨胀石墨/黑磷复配物为阻燃剂制备了系列阻燃型PUF，通过压缩强度、表观密度、热重分析对PUF力学性能及热性能进行了研究。采用极限氧指数（LOI）研究了材料的阻燃性能。结果表明，添加少量黑磷可显著提高PUF的LOI值，BP含量为1 %（质量分数，下同）时，PUF?BP5的LOI达到20.4 %（体积分数，下同），为纯PUF（15.4 %）的1.3倍；当复配阻燃剂膨胀石墨/黑磷复配物含量为8 %（7 %+1 %）时，PUF?EG?BP5的LOI达到24.7 %，是纯PUF的1.6倍。

关键词: 黑磷, 膨胀石墨, 聚氨酯泡沫, 阻燃, 力学性能, 热性能

Abstract: Flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam （PUF） was prepared by a one?step method using black phosphorus/expanded graphite compound as a complex flame retardant， polyether polyol and isocyanate as raw materials， dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst， deionized water as a foaming agent. The physical， mechanical， and thermal properties of the resultant PUF samples were investigated through analyzing their apparent density， compression strength， and thermogravimetric behavior， and their flame?retardant performance was evaluated by limiting oxygen index （LOI）. The results indicated that the addition of a small amount of black phosphorus could improve the LOI value of PUF significantly. When the content of black phosphorus was 1 wt%， the sample “PUF?BP5” obtained an LOI 20.4 vol%， which was 30 % higher than that of pure PUF. The LOI of the sample “PUF?EG?BP5” reached 24.7 vol% at a graphite content of 7 wt% and a black?phosphorus content of 1 wt%. Such a result is higher than that of pure PUF by 60 %.

Key words: black phosphorus, expanded graphite, polyurethane foam, flame retardant, mechanical property, thermal performance

李凯曹宁蒋岳航李建华崔雪梅连慧琴汪晓东崔秀国. 膨胀石墨/黑磷阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备及性能研究[J]. , 2023, 37(6): 21-30.

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