选择性激光烧结聚丙烯工艺⁃结构⁃性能的研究

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2023.10.007

中国塑料 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 50-55.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2023.10.007

选择性激光烧结聚丙烯工艺⁃结构⁃性能的研究

张恒源¹(), 刘涛², 张师军¹, 刘建叶¹()

^1.中石化（北京）化工研究院有限公司，北京 100013
^2.上海克劳斯玛菲机械有限公司，上海 200126

收稿日期:2023-05-18 出版日期:2023-10-26 发布日期:2023-10-23
通讯作者: 刘建叶（1980—），男，研究员，主要从事聚合物结构与性能和加工技术研究，liujy.bjhy@sinopec.com
E-mail:zhanghy.bjhy@sinopec.com;liujy.bjhy@sinopec.com
作者简介:张恒源（1995—），男，工程师，主要从事聚合物改性和应用研究，zhanghy.bjhy@sinopec.com

Study on processing⁃structure⁃properties of selective laser sintered of polypropylene

ZHANG Hengyuan¹(), LIU Tao², ZHANG Shijun¹, LIU Jianye¹()

^1.SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry，Beijing 100013，China
^2.Shanghai Krauss Maffei Machinery Co，Ltd，Shanghai 200126，China

Received:2023-05-18 Online:2023-10-26 Published:2023-10-23
Contact: LIU Jianye E-mail:zhanghy.bjhy@sinopec.com;liujy.bjhy@sinopec.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

系统地评价了商用选择性激光烧结（SLS）聚丙烯（PP）的加工性能和力学性能，并比较了它和注射成型（IM）样品的差异。结果表明，预热温度、激光功率和能量密度作为选择性激光烧结的3个重要工艺参数，对最终产品的性能有很大影响。在选择工艺参数时，必须同时兼顾制品的力学性能和尺寸精度。本文的独特之处在于定量分析了不同工艺条件下选择性烧结带的结晶形态，建立了工艺条件、结晶晶型和力学性能之间的关系。通过调整选择性激光烧结的工艺参数，可获得不同晶型含量的样品，以便调控制品的力学性能。

关键词: 聚丙烯, 选择性激光烧结, 工艺参数, 晶型, 力学性能

Abstract:

In this paper， the processability and mechanical properties of commercial polypropylene were systematically evaluated， and the differences between sinter laser sintering （SLS） and injection molding were compared. The results indicated that preheating temperature， laser power and energy density were three important process parameters for SLS to generate a great impact on the performance of final products. When the process parameters were selected， both mechanical properties and machining accuracy should be considered. This study exhibits uniqueness in the quantitative analysis of the crystal forms of the selective sintering strips under different technological conditions， and the relationship between technological conditions， crystalline properties， and mechanical properties was established. Through adjusting the process parameters of SLS， different crystal contents could be obtained for molded samples， and therefore then the mechanical properties of the sample could be regulated.

Key words: polypropylene, selective laser sintering, process parameter, crystal form, mechanical property

中图分类号:

TQ325.1⁺4

张恒源, 刘涛, 张师军, 刘建叶. 选择性激光烧结聚丙烯工艺⁃结构⁃性能的研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2023, 37(10): 50-55.

ZHANG Hengyuan, LIU Tao, ZHANG Shijun, LIU Jianye. Study on processing⁃structure⁃properties of selective laser sintered of polypropylene[J]. China Plastics, 2023, 37(10): 50-55.

图/表 21

图1 PP粉末SLS的DSC曲线

Fig.1 DSC curves of polypropylene powder for SLS

预热温度/ ℃	激光功率/ W	扫描间距/ mm	扫描速度/ mm·s^-1	能量密度/ J·mm^-3
134	35	0.3	7 600	0.15
135	35	0.3	7 600	0.15
136	35	0.3	7 600	0.15
137	35	0.3	7 600	0.15

表1 不同温度下SLS PP的工艺参数

Tab.1 Process parameters of selective laser sintering of polypropylene at different temperature

图2 不同预热温度下PP SLS打印样条后的DSC曲线

Fig.2 DSC curves of SLS polypropylene splines prepared at different preheating temperature during the first heating process

图3 不同预热温度下制备SLS PP样条的XRD曲线

Fig.3 XRD diffraction patterns of SLS polypropylene splines prepared at different preheating temperature

图4 136 ℃预热温度下的XRD分峰曲线

Fig.4 XRD different of crystal forms at 136 ℃ preheating temperature

熔融焓/J·g^-1	结晶度/%	γ/（γ+α）/%	γ晶型含量/%
54.02	25.81	47.43	12.24
42.66	20.38	45.28	9.23
67.96	32.47	36.93	11.99
71.04	33.94	36.45	12.37

表2 不同预热温度下SLS PP打印样条的结晶度和γ晶含量

Tab.2 The crystallinity and content of γ crystals of SLS polypropylene printed parts at different preheating temperature

拉伸强度/ MPa	标称应变/%	弯曲强度/ MPa	冲击强度/ kJ·m^-2	热变形温度/℃
25.45±0.33	10.73±2.23	27.53±1.40	3.55±0.67	82.75±3.61
26.60±0.64	11.15±1.70	28.59±2.55	3.41±0.74	83.25±1.91
25.96±0.36	13.25±2.02	28.02±2.46	3.88±0.56	84.75±3.43
28.18±0.32	20.96±3.43	29.91±0.90	3.24±0.69	88.20±1.98

表3 不同预热温度下SLS PP打印样条的力学性能

Tab.3 Mechanical properies of SLS polypropylene printed parts at different preheating temperature

拉伸强度/

MPa

标称应变/

表4 注射样品的力学性能

Tab.4 Mechanical properties of the injection parts

图5 137 ℃预热温度下的打印样条

Fig.5 Printing spline products with preheating temperature of 137 ℃

预热温度/ ℃	激光功率/ W	扫描间距/ mm	扫描速度/ mm·s^-1	能量密度/ J·mm^-3
136	30	0.3	7 600	0.13
136	35	0.3	7 600	0.15
136	40	0.3	7 600	0.18
136	45	0.3	7 600	0.2

表5 不同激光功率下的工艺参数

Tab.5 Processing parameters at different power

图6 不同功率下PP的SLS打印样条后的DSC 曲线

Fig.6 DSC curves of SLS polypropylene splines prepared at the different power during the first heating process

图7 不同激光功率下PP的SLS打印样条的XRD曲线

Fig.7 XRD diffraction patterns of SLS polypropylene splines prepared at different power

熔融焓/J·g^-1	结晶度/%	γ/（γ+α）/%	γ 晶型含量/%
64.78	30.95	38.35	11.87
67.96	32.47	36.93	11.99
59.09	28.23	41.98	11.85
55.53	26.53	47.38	12.57

表6 不同激光功率下PP的SLS打印样条的结晶度和γ晶含量

Tab.6 The crystallinity and content of γ crystals of SLS polypropylene printed parts at different power

拉伸强度/ MPa	标称应变/ %	弯曲强度/ MPa	冲击强度/ kJ·m^-2	热变形温度/ ℃
23.88±0.66	15.13±3.64	24.48±1.24	3.65±0.44	81.60±4.24
25.96±0.36	13.25±2.02	28.02±2.46	3.88±0.56	84.75±3.43
27.46±0.35	21.82±2.24	29.23±3.04	4.60±0.34	94.30±4.73
27.39±0.73	26.90±3.60	31.59±4.19	4.35±0.38	100.15±3.72

表7 不同激光功率下SLS PP打印样条的力学性能

Tab.7 Mechanical properties of SLS polypropylene printed parts at different power

图8 激光功率为40 W、45 W的打印样条

Fig.8 Printing spline products with power of 40 W and 45 W

预热温度/ ℃	激光功率/W	扫描间距/mm	扫描速度/mm·s^-1	能量密度/ J·mm^-3
136	11.7	0.1	7 600	0.15
136	17.3	0.15	7 600	0.15
136	23.3	0.2	7 600	0.15
136	29.2	0.25	7 600	0.15
136	35.0	0.3	7 600	0.15

表8 不同扫描间距下的工艺参数

Tab.8 Processing parameters at different scan spacing

图9 不同扫描间距下PP的SLS打印样条后的DSC曲线

Fig.9 DSC curves of SLS polypropylene splines prepared at different scan spacing during the first heating process

图10 不同扫描间距下PP的SLS打印样条的XRD曲线

Fig.10 XRD diffraction patterns of SLS polypropylene splines prepared at different scan spacing

熔融焓/J·g^-1	结晶度/%	γ/（γ+α）/%	γ 晶型含量/%
79.62	38.04	64.71	24.61
68.09	32.53	47.62	15.49
67.52	32.26	46.00	14.84
70.18	33.53	35.97	12.06
67.96	32.47	36.93	11.99

表9 不同扫描间距下PP的SLS打印样条的结晶度和γ晶含量

Tab.9 The crystallinity and content of γ crystals of SLS polypropylene printed parts at different scan spacing

拉伸强度/ MPa	标称应变/ %	弯曲强度/ MPa	冲击强度/ kJ·m^-2	热变形温度/ ℃
30.77±0.62	13.84±2.22	35.57±3.71	3.20±0.35	100.50±4.19
31.58±1.00	16.89±3.14	36.22±2.26	3.41±0.52	97.75±3.01
29.48±0.62	13.85±2.38	31.48±3.02	3.05±0.16	87.05±3.84
28.41±0.84	13.20±3.89	31.57±3.28	3.81±0.19	85.75±3.07
25.96±0.36	13.25±2.02	28.02±2.46	3.88±0.56	84.75±3.43

表10 不同扫描间距下PP的SLS打印样条的力学性能

Tab.10 Mechanical properties of SLS polypropylene printed parts at different scan spacing

图11 扫描间距为0.1 mm的打印样条

Fig.11 Printing spline products with scan spacing of 0.1 mm

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选择性激光烧结聚丙烯工艺⁃结构⁃性能的研究

Study on processing⁃structure⁃properties of selective laser sintered of polypropylene

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