中国塑料 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 23-28.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2023.12.004

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚酰亚胺/多壁碳纳米管杂化纳米纤维的制备与性能研究

王容容, 江涛, 孙少阳, 周洲, 汪翔, 申莹, 邢剑()   

  1. 安徽工程大学,安徽 芜湖 241000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-21 出版日期:2023-12-26 发布日期:2023-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 邢剑,副教授,主要从事纤维及非织造功能材料、纤维增强复合材料等研究,xingjian@ahpu.edu.cn
    E-mail:xingjian@ahpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    安徽工程大学引进人才科研启动基金(2022YQQ014);安徽工程大学校级科研项目(Xjky2022067);国家自然科学基金(52203114)

Preparation and performance of electrospun polyimide/multi⁃wall carbon nanotubes hybrid nanofibers

WANG Rongrong, JIANG Tao, SUN Shaoyang, ZHOU Zhou, WANG Xiang, SHEN Ying, XING Jian()   

  1. Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 24100,China
  • Received:2023-06-21 Online:2023-12-26 Published:2023-12-26
  • Contact: XING Jian E-mail:xingjian@ahpu.edu.cn

摘要:

为研究“一步法”制备的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)杂化聚酰亚胺(PI)纳米纤维的结构和性能,采用静电纺丝技术,以聚酰亚胺纤维(P84)和MWCNTs为原料,制备了平均直径为(196.61±108.56) nm的多级结构MWCNTs杂化PI纳米纤维膜(PI/MWCNTs),并对其结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,首先,将P84纤维(分解温度为620 ℃)溶解后再经静电纺丝,制备的PI纳米纤维化学结构未发生改变,分解温度(590 ℃)略微降低,但热稳定性依然很好;然后,随着MWCNTs的加入,与纯PI纳米纤维相比,在不影响其化学结构和热稳定性的情况下,杂化纳米纤维直径逐渐降低,结构规整性提高,因而Tg(312 ℃)略有提升,适当加入MWCNTs还可显著提高材料的力学性能,当MWCNTs的质量分数为0.5 %时,杂化纤维膜的拉伸强度较纯PI纳米纤维膜提高了65 %。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 聚酰亚胺, 多壁碳纳米管, 杂化纳米纤维

Abstract:

Polyimide (PI)/multi⁃wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) hybrid nanofibers were prepared through a one⁃step electrospinning technology using P84 staple fiber as a matrix. The resultant nanofibers exhibited a minimum nanoscale fiber diameter of (196.61±108.56) nm and a hierarchical porous structure. FTIR spectroscopic analysis indicated that the as⁃prepared nanofibers presented all the characteristic absorption bonds of the original P84 staple fiber. However, the as⁃prepared nanofibers show lower crystallinity and a lower decomposition temperature (590 ℃) than those of the original P84 staple fibers (620 ℃). With the addition of MWCNTs, there is no influence on the chemical structure and thermal stability of the PI nanofibers. Nevertheless, the diameter of the hybrid nanofibers tended to decrease, and their crystallinity and mechanical strength increased compared to pure PI nanofibers. Notably, compared to pure PI nanofibers, the tensile stress of the hybrid nanofibers increases by 65 % with the addition of 0.5 wt% MWCNTs.

Key words: electrospinning, polyimide, multi?wall corban nanotube, hybrid nanofiber

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