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中国塑料 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 88-93.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.09.015
韦深智1, 陈娟1, 饶杰1, 张樱豪2, 周敏杰2, 张旗2()
收稿日期:
2023-12-25
出版日期:
2024-09-26
发布日期:
2024-09-27
通讯作者:
张旗,男,武汉工程大学副教授,从事功能高分子的研究,whzq_2014@163.com
WEI Shenzhi1, CHEN Juan1, RAO Jie1, ZHANG Yinghao2, ZHOU Minjie2, ZHANG Qi2()
Received:
2023-12-25
Online:
2024-09-26
Published:
2024-09-27
Contact:
ZHANG Qi
E-mail:whzq_2014@163.com
摘要:
以依替膦酸为磷源(EA),对苯二胺(PPD)为氮源,通过简单的一步法反应合成磷⁃氮有机盐阻燃剂EP,并且通过核磁共振氢谱(NMR)和红外光谱分析(FTIR)测试对其结构进行了表征。通过熔融共混法将EP与TPU混合制备阻燃改性TPU,并对制得的磷⁃氮有机磷酸盐阻燃剂改性TPU的热稳定性、阻燃性能和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,添加EP对TPU的热稳定性影响较小,阻燃性明显提升;添加3 %(质量分数,下同)的EP时,所得到的阻燃改性TPU(TPU⁃3%EP)的极限氧指数(LOI)达到28.40 %, 可以通过UL 94阻燃V⁃0评级,且残炭率(CY)比纯TPU提高1倍多;与纯TPU相比,TPU⁃3 %EP的总热释放量(THR)和峰值热释放速率(PHRR)分别降低22.12 %和61.85 %,材料的有效燃烧热(AEHC)也有所降低;EP主要通过在凝聚相催化成炭隔绝热氧交换来提升TPU的阻燃性能;其次在气相中发挥自由基淬灭效应也起到一定的阻燃效果。
中图分类号:
韦深智, 陈娟, 饶杰, 张樱豪, 周敏杰, 张旗. 新型磷⁃氮复合阻燃剂的制备及其在TPU中的应用[J]. 中国塑料, 2024, 38(9): 88-93.
WEI Shenzhi, CHEN Juan, RAO Jie, ZHANG Yinghao, ZHOU Minjie, ZHANG Qi. Preparation of new phosphorus⁃nitrogen composite flame retardant and its application in TPU[J]. China Plastics, 2024, 38(9): 88-93.
样品 | LOI/% | UL 94 (3.0 mm) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
av⁃(t1+t2)/s | 是否 滴落 | 是否引燃 脱脂棉 | 等级 | ||
TPU | 21.5 | >60 | 是 | 是 | NR |
TPU⁃1%EP | 26.3 | 4.5 | 是 | 是 | V⁃2 |
TPU⁃2%EP | 27.2 | 3.7 | 是 | 是 | V⁃2 |
TPU⁃3%EP | 28.4 | 2.9 | 是 | 否 | V⁃0 |
样品 | LOI/% | UL 94 (3.0 mm) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
av⁃(t1+t2)/s | 是否 滴落 | 是否引燃 脱脂棉 | 等级 | ||
TPU | 21.5 | >60 | 是 | 是 | NR |
TPU⁃1%EP | 26.3 | 4.5 | 是 | 是 | V⁃2 |
TPU⁃2%EP | 27.2 | 3.7 | 是 | 是 | V⁃2 |
TPU⁃3%EP | 28.4 | 2.9 | 是 | 否 | V⁃0 |
样品 | 点火时间/s | 总热释放量/ MJ·m-² | 热释放速率峰值/ kW·m-² | 平均CO产率/ kg·kg-1 | 质量损失/ kg·kg-1 | 平均有效燃烧热/ MJ·kg-1 | 相对残炭量/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TPU | 56 | 132.35 | 1 660.39 | 0.19 | 0.086 | 34.23 | 2.83 |
TPU⁃3%EP | 31 | 103.08 | 633.50 | 0.40 | 0.046 | 30.12 | 8.20 |
样品 | 点火时间/s | 总热释放量/ MJ·m-² | 热释放速率峰值/ kW·m-² | 平均CO产率/ kg·kg-1 | 质量损失/ kg·kg-1 | 平均有效燃烧热/ MJ·kg-1 | 相对残炭量/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TPU | 56 | 132.35 | 1 660.39 | 0.19 | 0.086 | 34.23 | 2.83 |
TPU⁃3%EP | 31 | 103.08 | 633.50 | 0.40 | 0.046 | 30.12 | 8.20 |
样品 | 样品质量/g | 剩余质量/g | 残炭量/% |
---|---|---|---|
TPU | 3.04 | 0.03 | 0.99 |
TPU⁃3%EP | 3.09 | 0.18 | 5.82 |
样品 | 样品质量/g | 剩余质量/g | 残炭量/% |
---|---|---|---|
TPU | 3.04 | 0.03 | 0.99 |
TPU⁃3%EP | 3.09 | 0.18 | 5.82 |
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