中国塑料 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 40-46.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.04.007

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

淀粉的改性及其对淀粉/PBAT/碳酸钙复合材料结构和性能的影响

赵小红1,2(), 卢杏1   

  1. 1.贺州学院材料与化学工程学院,广西 贺州,542899
    2.广西碳酸钙资源综合利用重点实验室,广西 贺州,542899
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-04 出版日期:2024-04-26 发布日期:2024-04-22
  • 作者简介:赵小红(1979—),女,副教授,主要研究方向为化工、材料,mshong_200@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    贺州学院博士科研启动基金项目(HZUBS201706);广西科技计划项目(桂科AD23023008)

Effect of starch modification on structure and properties of starch/PBAT/calcium carbonate composites

ZHAO Xiaohong1,2(), LU Xin1   

  1. 1.College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Hezhou university,Hezhou 542899,China
    2.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization,Hezhou 542899,China
  • Received:2023-09-04 Online:2024-04-26 Published:2024-04-22

摘要:

采用甘油、六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)和聚乙二醇(PEG)改性木薯淀粉并制备改性淀粉/聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)/碳酸钙复合材料,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热失重分析仪(TG)等对改性淀粉和复合材料进行分析,研究改性淀粉对复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明,甘油的外增塑作用和PEG、SHMP的内增塑作用使淀粉化学结构改变、无定形成分增加,淀粉颗粒由饱满的圆球状变成了不规则的大颗粒,250 ℃前稳定性提高,250 ℃后稳定性降低,有利于使用加工和热分解,不同改性剂改性淀粉结晶熔融行为存在差异;复合不会改变PBAT、碳酸钙和淀粉的原有晶型,但相容性的差异导致复合材料热性能和力学性能的差异,改性淀粉增加了复合材料的韧性,甘油、SHMP和PEG的协同改性使淀粉与PBAT、碳酸钙的相容性最佳,复合材料的综合性能最好。

关键词: 木薯淀粉, 聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯, 碳酸钙, 复合材料

Abstract:

Glycerol, sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used to modify cassava starch, and then, the modified starch/PBAT/calcium carbonate composites were prepared. The modified starch and its composites were analyzed by using FTIR, XRD, SEM, DSC and TG. The influence of modified starch on the structure and properties of the composites was investigated. The results indicated that the outer plasticization of glycerol and the inner plasticization of PEG and SHMP changed the chemical structure of starch. The amorphous components of modified starch increased. The starch particles were changed from a full spherical shape to the irregular large one. The thermal stability of the modified starch was improved before 250 ℃ but deteriorated after 250 ℃, which is beneficial to its processing and thermal decomposition. There are differences in the crystallization and melting behavior of the starch modified with different modifiers. In the composites, there was no change in the original crystal forms of PBAT, calcium carbonate, and starch; however, the differences in compatibility led to differences in the thermal and mechanical properties of the composites. The modification of starch improved the toughness of the composites. The synergistic modification of glycerol, SHMP, and PEG resulted in the good compatibility of starch with PBAT and calcium carbonate, and the composites achieved the optimal comprehensive performance.

Key words: cassava starch, poly(butylene adipate terephthalate), calcium carbonate, composite materials

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