中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 113-120.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.10.018

• 塑料与环境 • 上一篇    

“双碳”背景下典型有机固废不同处理处置工艺碳排放核算

全淑苗(), 张哲, 于丹, 杜闰萍   

  1. 北京航天石化技术装备工程有限公司,北京 100176
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-06 出版日期:2025-10-26 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 作者简介:全淑苗(1982—),研究员,硕士研究生,研究方向为有机固废化学回收领域,durp@calt11.cn

Research progress in electrospinning technology for polymer⁃based radiative cooling materials

QUAN Shumiao(), ZHANG Zhe, YU Dan, DU Runping   

  1. Beijing Aerospace Petrochemical Technology & Equipment Engineering Co,Ltd,Beijing 10076,China
  • Received:2024-11-06 Online:2025-10-26 Published:2025-10-21

摘要:

城市污泥作为有机固废的典型种类之一,其处理处置是城市污水厂污水处理全过程中碳排放的重要环节。在“碳达峰、碳中和”双碳目标挑战下,根据联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)提供的核算准则,结合生命周期评价(LCA),对我国主要的污泥处理处置工艺包括好氧堆肥、厌氧消化、填埋、焚烧和热解等工艺进行了碳排放核算,并根据碳排放产生方式分为直接碳排放、间接碳排放和碳减排3个部分。结果表明,直接碳排放量的顺序为焚烧>热解>厌氧消化>好氧堆肥>填埋,间接碳排放量的顺序为填埋>焚烧>热解>厌氧消化>好氧堆肥,碳减排量的顺序为热解>焚烧>厌氧消化>好氧堆肥>填埋。热解技术作为城市污泥化学回收新兴技术,资源化利用程度高,总碳排放量和净碳排放量分别为694.53、355.11 kgCO2eq/t DS,属于中水平碳排放工艺,是未来发展的重要趋势。

关键词: 有机固废, 城市污泥, 处理处置工艺, 碳排放核算

Abstract:

Polymer⁃based radiative cooling materials represent a promising technology for passive thermal management, leveraging spectral control to achieve substantial energy savings and multi⁃scenario applicability. This review elucidates the fundamental principles of radiative cooling and expounds on the unique advantages of electrospinning technology for preparing high⁃performance cooling membranes. The critical strategies to optimize cooling efficiency through material choice, nano⁃micro structural design, and membrane architecture was emphasized. Furthermore, the applications of electrospun radiative coolers in smart textiles, personal equipment, and energy⁃efficient buildings were examined. The review concluded by identifying prevailing challenges and prospective research directions for scalable manufacturing, thereby addressing the path toward industrialization.

Key words: radiative cooling, electrospinning, polymer, membrane, structure regulation

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