中国塑料 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 86-91.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.01.012

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聚硅氧烷包覆改性聚磷酸铵及其阻燃聚乙烯性能的研究

赵晓波1, 王国泰2, 梁淑君3()   

  1. 1.中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原 030051
    2.太原工业学院材料工程系,太原 030008
    3.太原工业学院学科建设办公室,太原 030008
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-23 出版日期:2024-01-26 发布日期:2024-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 梁淑君(1970—),女,教授,博士,研究方向为聚烯烃材料改性及其复合材料的制备,603160694@qq.com
    E-mail:603160694@qq.com

Study on properties of modified ammonium polyphosphate coated with polysiloxane and its flame retardancy on polyethylene

ZHAO Xiaobo1, WANG Guotai2, LIANG Shujun3()   

  1. 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China
    2.Department of Materials Engineering,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China
    3.Discipline Construction Office,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China
  • Received:2023-07-23 Online:2024-01-26 Published:2024-01-22
  • Contact: LIANG Shujun E-mail:603160694@qq.com

摘要:

分别以二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DMDES)、甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)、苯基三甲氧基硅烷(PTMS)3种硅氧烷与正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)共同作为前驱体,采用溶胶⁃凝胶工艺对聚磷酸铵(APP)进行微胶囊化包覆改性,分别制备得到改性聚磷酸铵APP/DMDES、APP/MTES和APP/PTMS,以改善其阻燃性、热稳定性和疏水性。通过傅里叶红外光谱、水接触角、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪以及热失重分析等测试与表征手段,对3种不同聚硅氧烷包覆改性聚磷酸铵(MAPP)进行了对比研究,并研究了MAPP对低密度聚乙烯(PE⁃LD)阻燃性能、力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,在合适的工艺条件下,均可以制备得到聚硅氧烷包覆改性聚磷酸铵;较改性前的APP,改性聚磷酸铵的疏水性和热稳定性均显著提高;在PE⁃LD/APP/PTMS/季戊四醇(PER)/三聚氰胺(MEL)的质量比为65/18.7/11.7/4.6时,PE⁃LD复合材料的综合性能最好,极限氧指数为26.6 %,高于包覆前APP的23.3 %,达到UL 94 V⁃0级别,且拉伸性能最高,为12.84 MPa。

关键词: 聚磷酸铵, 聚硅氧烷, 微胶囊化, 低密度聚乙烯, 阻燃

Abstract:

The microencapsulation modification of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was performed to prepare the modified APP/DMDES, APP/MTES, and APP/PTMS for enhancing their flame retardancy, thermal stability and hydrophobicity through a sol⁃gel process using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a main precursor and dimethylldiethoxysilane (DMDES), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), and phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) as co⁃precursors. The structures and performance of the resulting APP coated with polysiloxane was investigated by using Fourier⁃transformation infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and thermogravimetric analysis. The effects of modified APP on the flame retardancy, mechanical and thermal properties of low⁃density polyethylene (PE⁃LD) were also studied. The results showed that polysiloxane⁃coated modified APP could be prepared under suitable processing conditions, and its hydrophobicity and thermal stability of the modified ammonium polyphosphate were significantly improved compared to pristine APP. As a PE⁃LD/APP/PTMS/pentaeritritol/melamin mass ratio of 65/18.7/11.7/4.6, the PE⁃LD composite exhibited the best overall performance with a limiting oxygen index of 26.6 vol%, which is 23.3 % higher than that of pristine APP. The composite also reached a UL 94 V⁃0 level in the vertical burning test and obtain the highest tensile strength of 12.84 MPa.

Key words: ammonium polyphosphate, polysiloxane, microencapsulation, low?density polyethylene, flame retardancy

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