中国塑料 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 25-28.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.10.005

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚乳酸⁃芦苇复合材料性能的研究

史立强1,2(), 姜振春1,2, 郝伟刚1,2, 高文涛1,2, 毛蕾1,2, 尚伟伟1,2(), 王颖赛3()   

  1. 1.诺博汽车系统有限公司,河北 保定 071000
    2.河北省汽车座舱技术创新中心 河北 保定 071000
    3.雄安创新研究院 河北 雄安 071000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-28 出版日期:2025-10-26 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 尚伟伟(1985-),男,高级工程师,学士,研究方向为汽车用复合材料和聚氨酯材料的开发与应用,shangweiwei@noboauto.com
    王颖赛(1988-),男,副研究员,研究方向为生物基复合材料,wangyingsai@xii.ac.cn
    E-mail:nbnfh@noboauto.com;shangweiwei@noboauto.com;wangyingsai@xii.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:史立强(1988-),男,高级工程师,硕士,研究方向为汽车用复合材料的开发与应用,nbnfh@noboauto.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z1205G)

Study on properties of polylactic acid⁃reed composite materials

SHI Liqiang1,2(), JIANG Zhenchun1,2, HAO Weigang1,2, GAO Wentao1,2, MAO Lei1,2, SHANG Weiwei1,2(), WANG Yingsai3()   

  1. 1.Nobo Automobile System Co,Ltd,Baoding 071000,China
    2.Hebei Automotive Cockpit Technology Innovation Center,Baoding 071000,China
    3.XiongAn Institute Of Innovation,Xiongan 071000,China
  • Received:2024-10-28 Online:2025-10-26 Published:2025-10-21
  • Contact: SHANG Weiwei, WANG Yingsai E-mail:nbnfh@noboauto.com;shangweiwei@noboauto.com;wangyingsai@xii.ac.cn

摘要:

采用不同形态和粒径的芦苇填充可降解材料聚乳酸(PLA),研究了芦苇粉粒径(7 μm、20 μm、50 μm)对力学性能的影响,芦苇粉粒径在50μm时冲击性能和弯曲模量最好,悬臂梁缺口冲击(23 ℃)可达3 kJ/㎡,弯曲模量可达3 690 MPa,芦苇粉粒径在20 μm时最差。探究了芦苇粉形态(芦苇粉、芦苇母粒)对复合材料性能的影响,随着芦苇粉的加入熔体流动速率下降,芦苇母粒因为添加了白油,可有效改善PLA芦苇复合材料的熔体流动速率,PLA芦苇母粒复合材料较不添加芦苇复合材料提高了冲击性能,但弯曲强度下降,弯曲模量上升,而且PLA芦苇母粒复合材料弯曲模量效果提升更明显。验证了芦苇母粒添加含量的不同,密度由于芦苇微观结构和细胞壁密度大,使PLA芦苇母粒复合材料的密度随着芦苇母粒含量(10份、15份、20份、25份、30份)的增加而增大,弯曲强度和拉伸强度呈下降的趋势,弯曲模量呈上升的趋势。利用扫描电子显微镜观察了冲击断口的微观结构,芦苇粉和PLA基体有较好的界面黏合力。

关键词: 芦苇粉, 聚乳酸, 可降解, 复合材料

Abstract:

This study investigates the effect of reed powder particle size and morphology on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) composites. The impact strength and flexural modulus were optimized at a particle size of 50 μm, achieving notched Izod impact strength of 3 kJ/m² at 23 °C and a flexural modulus of 3 690 MPa. Conversely, the 20 μm particles yielded the poorest performance. Furthermore, the use of a reed masterbatch (pre⁃compounded with white oil) was explored as a strategy to enhance processability. While the masterbatch effectively improved the melt flow rate of the composite, it resulted in a trade⁃off: impact performance increased compared to composites with directly added reed powder, but flexural strength decreased. The flexural modulus, however, exhibited a more pronounced increase. The investigation of masterbatch loading (10~30 wt%) demonstrated that increasing content led to higher density and flexural modulus, but reduced bending and tensile strength. Scanning electron microscopy of impact fracture surfaces indicated strong interfacial adhesion between the reed powder and the PLA matrix, confirming the potential of reed as a viable bio⁃filler for enhancing specific properties of PLA composites.

Key words: reed powder, polylactic acid, degradable, composite material

中图分类号: