Research progress in electro⁃active shape memory composite materials

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.04.025

Abstract

Abstract:

The shape memory process and mechanisms of electro?active shape memory composites were introduced from macro to micro perspectives. The classification and research of electro?active shape memory composites were summarized based on different conductive fillers， including nanoparticles， continuous fibers， short?cut fibers， and composite fillers. The preparation methods including physical compounding， in?situ polymerization， and freeze?drying were analyzed briefly. The electrically induced shape memory composites were introduced according to their conductive mechanisms from three aspects of homogeneous conductor units， interface bonding between conductor and substrate， and conductive network structure. An overview on the phenomena of nanoscale conductive networks and ion channels in the microstructure was presented. Finally， the applications of electro?active shape memory composite materials in aerospace， biomedicine， smart textiles， and electronic semiconductors were discussed and their future development direction was prospected.

Key words: electro?active shape memory property, composite material, nanoparticle, continuous fiber, short?cut fiber, preparation method

CLC Number:

TQ325

LIU Wen, SHI Wenzhao, LIU Jinshu, LU Shaofeng, ZHOU Hongjuan. Research progress in electro⁃active shape memory composite materials[J]. China Plastics, 2022, 36(4): 175-189.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1. Classification and application of EA?SMCMs

Fig.2. EA?SMCMs structure diagram and heat conduction diagram

Fig.3. Schematics of the typical structures of a polymer network

Fig.4. Schematic of polymer networks during shape recovery

Fig.5. Illustration for preparation of electro?active two?way shape memory polymer laminates

Fig.6. Preparation procedure of the PCL/SEBS?g?MA/MWCNTs nanocomposites

Fig.7. Preparation procedures of PVA/SCF composites（a） and optical images of SCF10?I（b） and SCF10?II（c） at a magnification of 20

Fig.8. Dispersion state in the composite with different BN/CNT contents

Fig.9. FTIR spectra of pure PU and nanocomposites modified with CNT?OH and CF ［84］

Fig.10. Conductivity of PBSEG （Mn，PEG=10 000 g/mol， whose feed ratio is equal to 30 %） at different CNT loading ［86］

样品	PEG					PBS
样品	T_c/℃	T_m/℃	ΔH_c/J•g^-1	ΔH_m/J•g^-1	X_c/%	T_c/℃	T_m/℃	ΔH_c/J•g^-1	ΔH_m/J•g^-1	X_c/%
PBSEG_10K⁃38	13.01	34.49	22.54	20.42	25.83	74.33	110.94	41.77	37.83	59.82
PBSEG_10K⁃40/CNT_0.2	17.18	38.06	23.85	23.83	28.64	85.30	111.12	42.56	38.13	62.30
PBSEG_10K⁃39/CNT_0.5	18.73	38.25	24.56	24.23	29.87	86.73	112.30	44.43	41.15	66.15
PBSEG_10K⁃39/CNT_0.8	21.90	40.03	26.48	26.54	32.72	88.20	112.42	45.83	42.53	68.35
PBSEG_10K⁃38/CNT_1.0	22.85	41.51	28.49	27.40	34.67	88.70	113.61	47.16	44.56	70.46
PBSEG_10K⁃49/CNT_1.0	28.52	48.14	42.00	39.89	39.14	83.51	110.38	39.43	37.42	71.93
PBSEG_10K⁃60/CNT_1.0	31.32	51.01	73.54	72.16	57.82	82.66	108.13	38.89	35.67	87.42
PBSEG_6K⁃50/CNT_1.0	22.40	42.28	36.13	34.00	32.69	80.22	108.54	36.41	33.68	66.04
PBSEG_2K⁃48/CNT_1.0	2.38	27.44	25.00	24.59	24.63	75.23	98.48	35.01	31.25	58.92

Tab. 1. Thermal properties of PBSEG and its nanocomposites from DSC ［86］

Fig.11. SMPC releasing mechanism flight hardware of SMPC?FSAS aboard the SJ20 geostationary satellite

Fig.12. Schematic of fabricating continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites with a modified 618 multi?material 3D printer based on FDM technology

Fig.13. Example of a bioinspired soft octopus tentacle based on a braided polymeric network that can be constricted using SMA actuators

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