Optimization of molding process parameters for sheet molding compound composites based on range analysis

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2022.10.012

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effect of compression molding parameters on the comprehensive mechanical properties of sheet molding compound （SMC）⁃molded products. Dividing the compression molding process into three stages and taking the pressure and time of the three stages as totally six parameters for the influencing factors， the tensile strength， bending strength and impact strength of the products were characterized. Then， an orthogonal experiment was designed by taking the mechanical properties of the products as evaluation indicators. A range analysis method was used to analyze and discuss the effect of each process parameter of each stage on the mechanical properties of the SMC composite products. The reasons for the experimental results were analyzed by a combination of the change of material state during the molding process. Finally， the optimized process parameters were obtained.

Key words: sheet molding compound, range analysis, mechanical property, molding process

CLC Number:

TQ320.66

WANG Xing, JIA Zhixin, LIU Lijun, LI Jiqiang, ZHANG Chenchen, WANG Shaofeng. Optimization of molding process parameters for sheet molding compound composites based on range analysis[J]. China Plastics, 2022, 36(10): 77-83.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1. Sketch of the mold

水平	因素
水平	$p 1$ /kN	$p 2$ /kN	$p 3$ /kN	$t 1$ /s	$t 2$ /s	$t 3$ /s
1	450	450	450	25	25	25
2	500	500	500	28	28	28
3	550	550	550	31	31	31
4	600	600	600	34	34	34
5	650	650	650	37	37	37

水平	因素
水平	$p 1$ /kN	$p 2$ /kN	$p 3$ /kN	$t 1$ /s	$t 2$ /s	$t 3$ /s
1	450	450	450	25	25	25
2	500	500	500	28	28	28
3	550	550	550	31	31	31
4	600	600	600	34	34	34
5	650	650	650	37	37	37

Tab.1. Factors and levels table of orthogonal test

Fig.2. Cutting plan of the sample

序号	第一阶段压力/kN	第二阶段压力/kN	第三阶段压力/kN	第一阶段时间/s	第二阶段时间/s	第三阶段时间/s	拉伸强度/ MPa	弯曲强度/ MPa	冲击强度/ kJ·m^-2
序号	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 1$	$t 2$	$t 3$	$σ t$	$σ f$	$a c U$
1	450	450	450	25	25	25	71.36	165.81	65.54
2	450	500	550	34	37	28	75.90	152.54	78.26
3	450	550	650	28	34	31	82.58	157.58	80.78
4	450	600	500	37	31	34	82.82	139.67	63.16
5	450	650	600	31	28	37	73.03	159.28	73.86
6	500	450	650	34	31	37	70.15	151.14	68.40
7	500	500	500	28	28	25	82.40	135.34	68.59
8	500	550	600	37	25	28	85.26	137.94	61.90
9	500	600	450	31	37	31	73.51	156.68	64.17
10	500	650	550	25	34	34	70.30	146.41	62.19
11	550	450	600	28	37	34	77.56	157.09	70.30
12	550	500	450	37	34	37	68.45	155.28	69.44
13	550	550	550	31	31	25	68.64	144.36	64.82
14	550	600	650	25	28	28	85.73	141.19	65.41
15	550	650	500	34	25	31	74.94	151.52	70.54
16	600	450	550	37	28	31	63.32	149.27	51.70
17	600	500	650	31	25	34	72.63	146.60	63.26
18	600	550	500	25	37	37	74.40	160.67	65.36
19	600	600	600	34	34	25	78.20	136.02	77.29
20	600	650	450	28	31	28	73.95	150.90	62.87
21	650	450	500	31	34	28	76.60	143.86	58.49
22	650	500	600	25	31	31	69.18	173.37	63.92
23	650	550	450	34	28	34	81.58	154.83	61.95
24	650	600	550	28	25	37	65.83	156.22	57.68
25	650	650	650	37	37	25	69.54	140.13	62.94

序号	第一阶段压力/kN	第二阶段压力/kN	第三阶段压力/kN	第一阶段时间/s	第二阶段时间/s	第三阶段时间/s	拉伸强度/ MPa	弯曲强度/ MPa	冲击强度/ kJ·m^-2
序号	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 1$	$t 2$	$t 3$	$σ t$	$σ f$	$a c U$
1	450	450	450	25	25	25	71.36	165.81	65.54
2	450	500	550	34	37	28	75.90	152.54	78.26
3	450	550	650	28	34	31	82.58	157.58	80.78
4	450	600	500	37	31	34	82.82	139.67	63.16
5	450	650	600	31	28	37	73.03	159.28	73.86
6	500	450	650	34	31	37	70.15	151.14	68.40
7	500	500	500	28	28	25	82.40	135.34	68.59
8	500	550	600	37	25	28	85.26	137.94	61.90
9	500	600	450	31	37	31	73.51	156.68	64.17
10	500	650	550	25	34	34	70.30	146.41	62.19
11	550	450	600	28	37	34	77.56	157.09	70.30
12	550	500	450	37	34	37	68.45	155.28	69.44
13	550	550	550	31	31	25	68.64	144.36	64.82
14	550	600	650	25	28	28	85.73	141.19	65.41
15	550	650	500	34	25	31	74.94	151.52	70.54
16	600	450	550	37	28	31	63.32	149.27	51.70
17	600	500	650	31	25	34	72.63	146.60	63.26
18	600	550	500	25	37	37	74.40	160.67	65.36
19	600	600	600	34	34	25	78.20	136.02	77.29
20	600	650	450	28	31	28	73.95	150.90	62.87
21	650	450	500	31	34	28	76.60	143.86	58.49
22	650	500	600	25	31	31	69.18	173.37	63.92
23	650	550	450	34	28	34	81.58	154.83	61.95
24	650	600	550	28	25	37	65.83	156.22	57.68
25	650	650	650	37	37	25	69.54	140.13	62.94

Tab.2. Result of the orthogonal test

各水平拉伸强度均值/MPa	影响因素
各水平拉伸强度均值/MPa	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 1$	$t 2$	$t 3$
$k 1$	77.14	71.80	73.77	74.20	74.01	74.03
$k 2$	76.33	73.72	78.24	76.47	77.22	79.49
$k 3$	75.07	78.50	68.80	72.88	72.95	72.71
$k 4$	72.50	77.22	76.65	76.16	75.23	76.98
$k 5$	72.55	72.36	76.13	73.88	74.19	70.38
$R$	4.64	6.69	9.43	3.58	4.26	9.11

各水平拉伸强度均值/MPa	影响因素
各水平拉伸强度均值/MPa	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 1$	$t 2$	$t 3$
$k 1$	77.14	71.80	73.77	74.20	74.01	74.03
$k 2$	76.33	73.72	78.24	76.47	77.22	79.49
$k 3$	75.07	78.50	68.80	72.88	72.95	72.71
$k 4$	72.50	77.22	76.65	76.16	75.23	76.98
$k 5$	72.55	72.36	76.13	73.88	74.19	70.38
$R$	4.64	6.69	9.43	3.58	4.26	9.11

Tab.3. Range analysis results of tensile strength

Fig.3. Diagram of range of tensile strength

Fig.4. Data graph for different parameters of tensile strength

各水平弯曲强度均值/MPa	影响因素
各水平弯曲强度均值/MPa	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 3$	$t 2$	$t 3$
$k 1$	154.98	153.44	156.70	157.50	151.62	144.34
$k 2$	145.51	152.63	146.22	151.43	147.99	145.29
$k 3$	149.89	151.08	149.77	150.16	151.89	157.69
$k 4$	148.70	145.96	152.75	149.21	147.84	148.92
$k 5$	153.69	149.65	147.33	144.46	153.43	156.52
$R$	9.48	7.48	10.49	13.04	5.59	13.35

各水平弯曲强度均值/MPa	影响因素
各水平弯曲强度均值/MPa	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 3$	$t 2$	$t 3$
$k 1$	154.98	153.44	156.70	157.50	151.62	144.34
$k 2$	145.51	152.63	146.22	151.43	147.99	145.29
$k 3$	149.89	151.08	149.77	150.16	151.89	157.69
$k 4$	148.70	145.96	152.75	149.21	147.84	148.92
$k 5$	153.69	149.65	147.33	144.46	153.43	156.52
$R$	9.48	7.48	10.49	13.04	5.59	13.35

Tab.4. Range analysis results of bending strength

Fig.5. Diagram of range of bending strength

Fig.6. Data graph for different parameters of bending strength

各水平冲击强度均值/kJ·m^-2	影响因素
各水平冲击强度均值/kJ·m^-2	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 1$	$t 2$	$t 3$
$k 1$	72.32	62.89	64.80	64.49	63.79	67.84
$k 2$	65.05	68.70	65.23	68.05	64.31	65.39
$k 3$	68.11	66.97	62.94	64.93	64.64	66.23
$k 4$	64.10	65.55	69.46	71.29	69.64	64.18
$k 5$	61.00	66.48	68.16	61.83	68.21	66.95
$R$	11.32	5.81	6.52	9.46	5.85	3.66

各水平冲击强度均值/kJ·m^-2	影响因素
各水平冲击强度均值/kJ·m^-2	$p 1$	$p 2$	$p 3$	$t 1$	$t 2$	$t 3$
$k 1$	72.32	62.89	64.80	64.49	63.79	67.84
$k 2$	65.05	68.70	65.23	68.05	64.31	65.39
$k 3$	68.11	66.97	62.94	64.93	64.64	66.23
$k 4$	64.10	65.55	69.46	71.29	69.64	64.18
$k 5$	61.00	66.48	68.16	61.83	68.21	66.95
$R$	11.32	5.81	6.52	9.46	5.85	3.66

Tab.5. Range analysis results of impact strength

Fig.7. Diagram of range of impact strength

Fig.8. Data graph for different parameters of impact strength

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